Energy efficiency is one of the major issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their applications. Distributed techniques with low message and time complexities are expected in WSNs. Connected dominating sets (CDSs) have been widely used for virtual backbone construction in WSNs to control topology, facilitate routing, and extend network lifetime. Most of the existing CDS approaches suffer...

We study insolvency cascades in an interbank system when banks are allowed to insure their loans with credit default swaps (CDS) sold by other banks. We show that, by properly shifting financial exposures from one institution to another, a CDS market can be designed to rewire the network of interbank exposures in a way that makes it more resilient to insolvency cascades. A regulator can use inf...

The objective of the present study was to characterise the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content of an aged contaminated soil and to propose remediation techniques using cyclodextrins (CDs). Four CDs solutions were tested as soil decontamination tool and proved more efficient in extracting PAHs than when an aqueous solution was used; especially two chemically modified CDs resulted in ...

The toxic effects of CDs on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) embryos at different developmental stages were investigated. The results showed that rare minnow embryos had decreased spontaneous movements, body length, increased heart rate, pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, tail/spinal curvature, various morphological malformations, and decreased hatching rate. Biochemical analysis showed the CDs ...

This Article describes the electron transfer (ET) kinetics in complexes of CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) and [FeFe]-hydrogenase I from Clostridium acetobutylicum (CaI). In the presence of an electron donor, these complexes produce H2 photochemically with quantum yields of up to 20%. Kinetics of ET from CdS NRs to CaI play a critical role in the overall photochemical reactivity, as the quantum efficien...

Nanocrystalline cadmium sulfide thin films as antireflection materials for solar cells have been prepared by a new chemical solution deposition route in an aqueous medium at 50 °C. as-deposited thin films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and optical absorption spectra. X-ray diffraction data indicated the formation of hexagonal na...

Energy efficiency plays an important role in wireless sensor networks. All nodes in sensor networks are energy constrained. Clustering is one kind of energy efficient algorithm. To organize the nodes in better way a virtual backbone can be used. There is no physical backbone infrastructure, but a virtual backbone can be formed by constructing a Connected Dominating Set (CDS). CDS has a signific...

One of the most important challenges of a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is to ensure efficient routing among its nodes. A Connected Dominating Set (CDS) is a widely used concept by many protocols for broadcasting and routing in MANETs. Those existing protocols require significant message overhead in construction of CDS. In this paper, we propose a simple, inexpensive and novel algorithm of comp...

CdS/PMMA core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized using dispersion-mediated interfacial polymerization, and the transparent PMMA shell not only maintained the optical properties of CdS core but effectively protected the CdS core from environmental perturbation.

In this paper, to improve the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) based on CdS-sensitized TiO2 nanotube (TNT) electrodes, two methods are employed on the basis of our previous work. First, by replacing the traditional single-sided working electrodes, double-sided transparent TNT/ITO (DTTO) electrodes are prepared to increase the loading amount of ...