Although we state that "the inability of the upper cell surface to support spreading may be a general phenomenon ," we point out in the text (reference 4, p. 219) that "we limit our conclusions only to the cell types used in this study and only to in vitro conditions." In fact, we cite one case where this may not apply. In his letter, Dr. Prop cites several cases where cells in culture are appa...

AIM To determine the effects of a cell sheet created from sheep bone marrow and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on osteogenesis. METHODS Bone marrow cells were harvested from a sheep and cultured in a minimal essential medium (MEM) containing ascorbic acid phosphate (AscP) and dexamethasone (Dex). After 2 wk, the formed osteogenic matrix cell sheet was lifted from the culture dish using a scraper....

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and diabetic cardiomyopathy, and adversely impacts outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting. Current treatments focus on macro-revascularization and neglect the microvascular disease typical of diabetes mellitus-induced cardiomyopathy (DMCM). We hypothesized that engineered smooth muscle cell (SMC)-endothelial p...

We review key morphogenetic events that occur during Caenorhabditis elegans (www.wormbase.org/) embryogenesis. Morphogenesis transforms tissues from one shape into another through cell migrations and shape changes, often utilizing highly conserved actin-based contractile systems. Three major morphogenetic events occur during C. elegans embryogenesis: (1) dorsal intercalation, during which two r...

Two miniaturized fibre-coupled modules for light sheet-based microscopy are described and compared with respect to image quality, chromatic aberration and beam alignment. Whereas in one module the light sheet is created by an achromatic cylindrical lens, reflection by a spherical mirror and concomitant astigmatic distortion are used to create the light sheet in the second module. Test experimen...

We have prepared contractile skeletal muscle cellular micropatterns supported by the hydrogel to investigate the relationship between exercise or drug administration and development of type 2 diabetes under controlled culture conditions. The muscle cell-patterned gel sheet can be handled easily while sustaining the cellular structure and activity, allowing for the first time to be combined with...

In this paper, we investigate the controlling design parameters of large-format Li-ion batteries on safety while undergoing nail penetration. We have identified three critical design parameters that control the safety during the nail penetration process: nail diameter (Dnail), single sheet foil area (Afoil), and cell capacity (Qcell).Using commercial AutoLionTM software, we have investigated tw...