The fermentation of cellobiose is a rare trait among yeasts. Of the 308 yeast species that utilize cellobiose aerobically, only 12 species ferment it, and only 2 species, Candida molischiana and Candida wickerhamii, also ferment cellodextrins. Candida molischiana produced beta-glucosidase activity on all carbon sources tested, except glucose, mannose, and fructose. When these sugars were added ...

The use of plant biomass for biofuel production will require efficient utilization of the sugars in lignocellulose, primarily glucose and xylose. However, strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae presently used in bioethanol production ferment glucose but not xylose. Yeasts engineered to ferment xylose do so slowly, and cannot utilize xylose until glucose is completely consumed. To overcome these bo...

The HT-29 human adenocarcinoma cell line has been used extensively in the study of colonie cell differentiation and colon cancer. We report here that substitution of glucose with trehalose (a-i>-glucopyranosyl-ai>-glucopyranoside) depresses growth and promotes mucin-producing, goblet-like maturation of HT-29. An initial characterization of this process was made by analyzing several cDNA clones ...

Regulation of cell-specific cellulase synthesis (expressed in milligrams of cellulase per gram [dry weight] of cells) by Clostridium thermocellum was investigated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocol based on antibody raised against a peptide sequence from the scaffoldin protein of the cellulosome (Zhang and Lynd, Anal. Chem. 75:219-227, 2003). The cellulase synthesis in Avicel-g...

The HT-29 human adenocarcinoma cell line has been used extensively in the study of colonie cell differentiation and colon cancer. We report here that substitution of glucose with trehalose (a-i>-glucopyranosyl-ai>-glucopyranoside) depresses growth and promotes mucin-producing, goblet-like maturation of HT-29. An initial characterization of this process was made by analyzing several cDNA clones ...

Interactions determining the dissolution of a monomer of β-cellulose, i.e., cellobiose in a room temperature ionic liquid, [Emim][OAc], have been studied using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Although anions are the predominant species in the first coordination shell of cellobiose, cations too are present to a minor extent around it. The presence of low concentration of water in the s...

Wild-type strains of Escherichia coli are normally unable to metabolize cellobiose. However, cellobiose-positive (Cel(+)) mutants arise upon prolonged incubation on media containing cellobiose as the sole carbon source. We show that the Cel(+) derivatives carry two classes of mutations that act concertedly to alter the regulation of the chb operon involved in the utilization of N,N'-diacetylchi...