Zinc is an essential cofactor of all major eukaryotic RNA polymerases. How the activity of these enzymes is coordinated or regulated according to cellular zinc levels is largely unknown. Here we show that the stability of RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) is tightly coupled to zinc availability in vivo. In zinc deficiency, RNAPI is specifically degraded by proteolysis in the vacuole in a pathway depende...

In this work we provide analytic results of infinite one-dimensional cellular automaton(CA). By realizing symbolic products, we investigate a subclass of infinite CA and prove analytically that within this subclass the only allowed attractors are homogenous, steady and periodic states for arbitrary initial configuration. Our method also provide exact enumeration of these attractors and it is sh...

Dr. Chance has done excellent service to tlie medical literature of this country by his admirable translation of Professor Virchow's work on Cellular Pathology. This important work (dedicated by its distinguished author to Professor Goodsir) consists of a series of lectures, delivered in the early part of 1858, before the medical public of Berlin, in the new Pathological Institute^ the Universi...

The phosphoproteins of vesicular stomatitis virus released from infected Drosophila melanogaster cells were examined. The membrane (M) protein was more phosphorylated than after multiplication in chicken embryo cells, even in Drosophila cell cytoplasm before its association with cellular membranes. Analysis of phosphopeptides generated after partial proteolysis and of phosphoamino acids obtaine...

Proteases are enzymes that cleave proteins. They occur widely in nature and play a fundamental role in cellular homeostasis; however, their presence can result in unwanted protein degradation during recombinant protein expression and purification. This unit introduces proteases, specifically focusing on the types commonly encountered during production of recombinant proteins. The strategies use...

I. The Alzheimer Disease Puzzle 466 A. The amyloid cascade hypothesis 466 B. Moving towards more comprehensive theories for AD 466 C. The importance of tau 467 II. Proteolysis Involved in Multiple Scenarios for Alzheimer Disease 467 A. Proteolytic processing of the APP 467 B. General disturbances of the endolysosomal-phagocytotic system in AD neurons 468 III. Heterogeneity of the Amyloid A Pept...

Rationale: Diaphragm weakness impairs quality of life, exercise capacity, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible humans remain poorly resolved. Objectives: We prospectively evaluated clinical, functional (in vivo/in vitro), histological/ultrastructural, molecular alterations di...