This paper introduces a novel multiobjective approach for capacity benefit margin (CBM) assessment taking into account tie-line reliability of interconnected systems. CBM is the imperative information utilized as a reference by the load-serving entities (LSE) to estimate a certain margin of transfer capability so that a reliable access to generation through interconnected system could be attain...

1Dulbecco Telethon Institute (DTI), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia and European Brain Research Institute, 00143 Rome, Italy 2National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy 3 Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), 08916 Badalona, Spain 4 Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA 920...

Oncogenic Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally linked to several human cancers including Kaposi’s sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma. Despite intensive studies, little is known about how KSHV alters cellular metabolism during cellular transformation. Using a novel model of KSHV-induced cellular transformation of primary rat embryonic metanephric mesenchymal stem cells (...

Cell survival in changing environments requires appropriate regulation of gene expression, including translational control. Multiple stress signaling pathways converge on several key translation factors, such as eIF4F and eIF2, and rapidly modulate messenger RNA (mRNA) translation at both the initiation and the elongation stages. Repression of global protein synthesis is often accompanied with ...

The full-term development of sheep, cows, goats, pigs and mice has been achieved through the transfer of somatic cell nuclei into enucleated oocytes. Despite these successes, mammalian cloning remains an inefficient process, with a preponderance of reconstructed embryos failing at early- to mid-gestation stages of development. The small percentage of conceptuses that survive to term are charact...

Cellular metabolism has been known for its role in bioenergetics. In recent years, much light has been shed on the reprogrammable cellular metabolism underlying many vital cellular processes, such as cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. Metabolic reprogramming in immune and endothelial cells (ECs) is being studied extensively. These cell compartments are implicated in inflammati...

objective: induced pluripotent stem cells are generated from somatic cells by direct reprogramming. these reprogrammed pluripotent cells have different applications in biomedical fields such as regenerative medicine. although viral vectors are widely used for efficient reprogramming, they have limited applications in the clinic due to the risk for immunogenicity and insertional mutagenesis. acc...

Direct lineage reprogramming induces dramatic shifts in cellular identity, employing poorly understood mechanisms. Recently, we demonstrated that expression of Neurog2 or Ascl1 in postnatal mouse astrocytes generates glutamatergic or GABAergic neurons. Here, we take advantage of this model to study dynamics of neuronal cell fate acquisition at the transcriptional level. We found that Neurog2 an...

Directed reprogramming of differentiated cells allows the generation of specific cell types for therapeutics and can provide unexpected insights into development. A recent study demonstrates that efficient reprogramming of Caenorhabditis elegans germ cells into neurons can be achieved by knocking down a histone chaperone gene and ectopic expression of a terminal selector transcription factor.