US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled postmanufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using post-consumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Post-consumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asph...

US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled postmanufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using post-consumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Post-consumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asph...

The incorporation of natural fibers into polymer matrices poses challenges due to physicochemical incompatibility, which is typically addressed through precursor modification or the use compatibilizers. Here, we introduce a novel type composite that overcomes this challenge by utilizing network fine, porous cellulosic sheets inter-diffused with commercial paraffin films. This approach physicall...

US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled postmanufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using post-consumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Post-consumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asph...

US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled post-manufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using postconsumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Post-consumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asph...

US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled post-manufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using post-consumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Postconsumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asph...

US transportation agencies have been increasingly using recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) applications over the last 25 years. Initial use of RAS started with recycled post-manufacturers shingles, but now agencies are showing a growing interest in using post-consumer (tear-off) RAS in asphalt applications. Post-consumer asphalt shingles typically have 20 to 30 percent asp...

Plant fibers constitute a major part of renewable biomass and are valuable resource for various industries, composite material chemistry, bioconversion processes. specialized long cells with thick cell walls that convenient model investigating fundamental issues such as individual biogenesis, wall formation, specialization. usually accumulate secondary walls, which contain lignin, cellulose, he...