Cast iron (CI) is one of the oldest materials in commercial use. It has excellent compressive strength and is commonly used for structures that require this property, as well as for water and sewer lines. This article explains CI metallurgy and why the understanding of this metallurgy is key to understanding other ferrous materials and alloys. The composition of cast iron (CI) varies significan...

M. Suliga, R. Kruzel, T. Garstka, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland J. Gazdowicz Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy Gliwice, Poland In the paper the influence of the drawing speed on structure changes has been assessed. The Scanning Electron Microscope investigation confirmed that for wires drawn with high total draft, exceeding 80 %, makes it impossible to clearly assess t...

A finite element model coupled with a thermokinetic model is developed to predict the phase transformation of the laser deposition of AISI 4140 on a substrate with the same material. Four different deposition patterns, long-bead, short-bead, spiral-in, and spiral-out, are used to cover a similar area. Using a finite element model, the temperature history of the laser powder deposition (LPD) pro...

In carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion of steels, the bicarbonate ion (HCO3) is simultaneously the buffer for carbonic acid (H2CO3), the source of iron carbonate (FeCO3) precipitation, and the product of the cathodic reaction. In addition to spatial separation of the production of Fe2+ and HCO3, galvanic coupling between the steel and cementite (Fe3C) layers is the principal cause of internal acidif...

To understand diffusion processes occurring inside Fe catalysts during multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) growth, catalysts were studied using atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Nanotube walls emanate from structurally modified and chemically complex catalysts that consist of cementite and a 5 nm amorphous FeOx cap separat...

Generally a simple power law ~ = K E" (where K and n are empirical constants called the strength coefficient and the work hardening coefficient respectively) is used to describe plastic stress-strain dependence of deformable metals (1,2). This equation was employed by Low (3) to describe the uniaxial tensile behavior of an annealed 70/30 brass. The slope of the corresponding double logarithmic ...

The article presents the results of analysis evolution defective substructure rail steel pearlite with lamellar morphology under deformation by uniaxial compression. strain hardening studied such has a multistage character. Deformation is accompanied fragmentation grains, which intensifies as degree increases and reaches 0.4 foil volume at ε = 50 %. Fragments formed in ferrite plates are separa...