Apert syndrome is a genetic defect which was first described by Eugene Apert in 1906. itchr('39')s incidence is approximately one in 50000 births. This syndrome is many abnormalities in your body and Central Nervous System. rehabilitation can increase children and their parentchr('39')s quality of life.We report a case of Apert syndrome and his occupational therapy program.

Gastrointestinal complications of anticholinergic medications are prevalent, potentially life-threatening, and could be more actively prevented. We present a case report of an ileus that required surgical intervention and developed in the context of clozapine, benztropine, and fluoxetine use. The case exemplifies the potential anticholinergic toxicities of clozapine and benztropine as well as p...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether the use of medications with possible and definite anticholinergic activity increases the risk of cognitive impairment and mortality in older people and whether risk is cumulative. DESIGN A 2-year longitudinal study of participants enrolled in the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study between 1991 and 1993. SETTING Community-dwelling and...

Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis is a condition characterized by chronic pelvic and bladder (lasting longer than 6 months) accompanied urinary symptoms (urinary frequency, urgency nocturia). It can have highly negative effect on the quality of life. The treatment this disease impeded lack understanding its etiology. Therefore, recommendations information about their efficacy are scar...

BACKGROUND Atropine, an anticholinergic agent with central and peripheral actions, reduces gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in normal subjects and patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) by inhibiting the frequency of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation (TLOSR). AIMS To compare the effect of methscopolamine bromide (MSB), a peripherally acting anticholinergic agent,...

More elderly patients now undergo gastrointestinal endoscopy following recent advances in endoscopic techniques. In this study, we conducted a high-risk survey of endoscopies in Japan, using a questionnaire administered prior to upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy (UGITE), and identified anticholinergic agents and glucagon preparations as high-risk premedication. We also evaluated the cardio...

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) commonly occurs on treatment with neuroleptics, it is also reported in patients who suddenly stop drugs like levodopa, amitriptyline and imipramine. We report a case of NMS, which occurred in a patient on lithium, haloperidol and trihexyphenidyl (THP) after sudden discontinuation of THP. The cholinergic system, through its effect on the dopaminergic syst...

OBJECTIVE to examine the effect of medications with anticholinergic effects on cognitive impairment and deterioration in Alzheimer's dementia (AD). METHODS cognitive function was measured at baseline and at 6- and 18-month follow-up using the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB) and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Battery, Cognitive subsection (ADAS-COG) in a ...

cortical activity through activation of muscarinic receptors. Brain regions containing cholinergic neurons include the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and the medial septal nuclei (MSN), which send diffuse projections to cortex.1-3 Brains of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) exhibit loss of cholinergic neurons in the NBM and MSN.4 These findings have lent considerable support to the choli...