BACKGROUND Spinal fusion is a common orthopaedic procedure that has been previously modeled using canine, lapine, and rodent subjects. Despite the increasing availability of genetically modified mouse strains, murine models have only been infrequently described. PURPOSE To present an efficient and minimally traumatic procedure for achieving spinal fusion in a mouse model and determine the opt...

Aim: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is now a gold standard in treating early-stage empyema, while much debate still exists considering the effectiveness of this approach for late-stage empyema. Most concerns arise from crowded rib cage, narrow working space, and ability to free trapped lungs quickly, mainly if uniportal VATS used. However, unlike lobectomy, there no consensus about...

Striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) receive glutamatergic afferents from the cerebral cortex and dopaminergic inputs from the substantia nigra (SN). Striatal dopamine loss decreases the number of MSN dendritic spines. This loss of spines has been suggested to reflect the removal of tonic dopamine inhibitory control over corticostriatal glutamatergic drive, with increased glutamate release culm...

UNLABELLED Missed torsional femur deformities may contribute to reasons for failure after open and more likely arthroscopic hip preservation surgery. A number of surgical approaches have been described for addressing torsion abnormalities. This report describes a subtrochanteric osteotomy technique in a consecutive series of patients with complex hip pathologies, for which intertrochanteric ost...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 cerebral amyloid angiopathy (caa) is the most common cause of lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. repeated bleeding may be presented with vascular dementia. we have reported a 68-year-old normotensive demented patient with probable caa presented with hemiparesia, headache and vomiting. according to the experience of this case,...

THIS PAPER ILLUSTRATES THE COMBINED NONEXTRACTION ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT WITH THE CORTICOTOMY TECHNIQUE IN AN ADULT PATIENT (AGE: 25 years and 3 months) with severely crowded arches to accelerate tooth movement and shorten the treatment time. Both her upper lateral incisors were congenitally absent and both upper central incisors' roots were short. Initial fixed orthodontic appliances (bidimensi...

Thoracic empyema has become an uncommon disease in adults, tending to occur in chronically ill debilitated individuals. In this series, pulmonary infection was the underlying cause in more than half the cases, with bronchogenic carcinoma or other serious lung disease present in one fifth of the pulmonary infections. Thoracic surgery preceded almost one quarter of all cases. Staphylococcus aureu...