Ultraviolet (UV) miniature cerium fluoride lasers have been demonstrated using a low cost, frequency-quadrupled microchip Nd:YAG pump laser. The use of miniature laser cavities was shown to significantly improve the laser performance in the low pump power region. We have achieved slope efficiencies up to 70% and pump thresholds as low as 100 nJ. Continuous tuning from 306 nm to 338 nm was achie...

a pvc-based membrane containing cerium phosphate was developed. unlike the cerium phosphate itself that acts as a cation exchanger, the membrane exhibited anion-exchange properties. therefore, the utility of this compound as a sensory element for detection of molybdate ions was pursued. the response of molybdate selective electrode based on this membrane was perfectly linear in the concentratio...

In this paper we evaluate the performance of density functional theory with the B3LYP functional for calculations on ceria (CeO(2)) and cerium sesquioxide (Ce(2)O(3)). We demonstrate that B3LYP is able to describe CeO(2) and Ce(2)O(3) reasonably well. When compared to other functionals, B3LYP performs slightly better than the hybrid functional PBE0 for the electronic properties but slightly wor...

Sulfide lead resources are being depleted and the exploitation of carbonate lead deposits is now the main focus of lead mining. Cerussite, PbCO3, is majorly discarded to tailing damps because it is difficult to be processed by flotation in lead concentration units. This paper not only investigates the optimization of cerussite flotation, but it also proposes a model for predict...

The plasma potential, V(p), is a key quantity in experimental plasma physics. Its spatial gradients directly yield the electrostatic field present. Emissive probes operating under space-charge limited emission conditions float close to V(p) even under time-varying conditions. Throughout their long history in plasma physics, they have mostly been constructed with resistively heated tungsten wire...

Mintek, specialists in mineral and metallurgical technology, have developed advanced optimisation control strategies in milling, flotation and smelting. The strategies address process specific problems namely downstream flow disturbances in flotation circuits from open milling circuits, fluctuating grade and recovery of flotation circuits and furnace fault conditions including power trips and e...

Copper flotation waste is an industrial by-product material produced from the process of manufacturing copper. The main concern with respect to landfilling of copper flotation waste is the release of elements (e.g., salts and heavy metals) when in contact with water, that is, leaching. Copper flotation waste generally contains a significant amount of Cu together with trace elements of other tox...

In the search for utilization of unburned carbon from flyash, flotation has been considered by many as a possible method for reclaiming the carbon. Due to the ever-increasing need to minimize landfill materials and reutilize waste streams, NETL has reviewed flyash flotation techniques in an effort to develop a methodology for determining the floatability potential of the carbonaceous material. ...

The effects of a chelating surfactant and different foaming agents on the efficiency of cleaning process waters from a thermomechanical pulp (TMP) mill were studied in a Voith flotation cell. Turbidity measurements and gas chromatography were used to determine the removal extent and characteristics of dissolved and colloidal substances (DisCo). The metal ion content in the process waters before...

The Swan-Ganz balloon flotation catheter was introduced in 1970. It can be placed at the bedside within a few minutes even in critically ill patients. Although placement of these catheters is not difficult, some training and experience are required to avoid complications and for proper interpretation of the hemodynamic data that can be obtained by pulmonary artery catheterization. Because of th...