O ften times, when I teach topics related to computer and network systems, I am asked about the origins of distributed systems. It is a difficult question to answer. Also difficult are answers about the origins of cloud computing or definitions of the grid, cloud computing, or the Internet of Things. This article is certainly not an attempt (or is it?) to stir up the already hot discussion, but...

designating imam ali (pbuh) as the successor of the messenger of allah (pbuh) is a source of shia-sunni split. to prove it, however, shia provides arguments found in the holy qur’an, hadith (tradition), wisdom, and history. it is worth to consider works of literature on the issue as well, yet little research has been done in this respect. this issue has been dealt with in the present article. a...

virial theorem is important for understanding stellar structures. it produces an interesting connection between magnetic and gravitational energies. using the general form of the virial theorem including the magnetic field (toroidal magnetic field), we may explain the solar dynamo model in relation to variations of the magnetic and gravitational energies. we emphasize the role of the gravitatio...

this article deals with the engineering education of mechatronic in the different universities of canada, while every educational aspect of their curriculum is described in detail. this study shows that the desing of any educational program to some extend depends on the department where the program is carried out and the cooperation and help of the other departments. it seems that gradually thi...

Although the idea of teaching integration before di erentiation is certainly not new, most, if not all students are introduced to di erentiation rst. This is certainly the case in our state where many students leave school believing that the de nite integral is an application of antidi erentiation. Primarily for this reason we introduce the de nite integral in our main rst year calculus subject...

We would like to thank all the discussants for their contributions. Our paper attempts only a first step towards a satisfactory linkage between complexity theory and coding-based inference and these discussions will help to blaze the paths for future exploration. We also take this opportunity to remind the reader that, in our opinion, MDL and MML agree on many, many points. While we certainly d...

Grounding is the task of reducing a first-order theory to an equivalent propositional one. Typical grounders work on a sentence-by-sentence level, substituting variables by domain elements and simplifying where possible. In this work, we propose a method for reasoning on the first-order theory as a whole to optimize the grounding process. Concretely, we develop an algorithm that computes bounds...

Since the human genome was sequenced, the term "epigenetics" is increasingly being associated with the hope that we are more than just the sum of our genes. Might what we eat, the air we breathe, or even the emotions we feel influence not only our genes but those of descendants? The environment can certainly influence gene expression and can lead to disease, but transgenerational consequences a...

“It is a very strange relationship.”1 Writing to his mother in January 1947, when the collaboration with Thomas Mann on Doktor Faustus was reaching its end, Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno would still fi nd their connection impossible to describe. From today’s greater distance we in turn cannot presume to say defi nitively what it is that went on there. Certainly, a novel was written; certainly, a d...

In this short response I will confine myself to rebutting Brown’s uses and interpretations of Smith rather than addressing the wider argument of the paper. I would note however that it is not uncontroversial whether slavery was economically more productive than employing ‘freemen’ (Smith certainly thought not), even though there was certainly profit to be made in the slavery business. This refl...