1 Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt, 82234 Wessling, Germany 2 MAN Diesel SE, Stadtbachstr. 1, 86135 Augsburg, Germany 3 Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany 4 Max-Planck-Inst. for Chemistry, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 27, 55128 Mainz, Germany 5 Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scher...

Changing climate and a legacy of fire-exclusion have increased the probability of high-severity wildfire, leading to an increased risk of forest carbon loss in ponderosa pine forests in the southwestern USA. Efforts to reduce high-severity fire risk through forest thinning and prescribed burning require both the removal and emission of carbon from these forests, and any potential carbon benefit...

We estimate the fundamental limits of different microrheological techniques based on optical detection. It is suggested that particle tracking systems using nondifferential detection have a minimum detectable displacement given by 0.2(lambda0/NA)(1/square root of (SNR)), where lambda0 is the wavelength, NA is the numerical aperture of the focusing objective, and SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio...

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is a rapidly expanding optical technique with excellent surface sensitivity and limited background fluorescence. Commercially available TIRF systems are either objective based that employ expensive special high numerical aperture (NA) objectives or prism based that restrict integrating other modalities of investigation for structure-funct...

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has been extensively studied in organs such as heart, brain, liver, kidney, and lung. As a vascularized organ, bone is known to be susceptible to I/R injury too, but the respective mechanisms are not well understood to date. We therefore hypothesized that, similar to other organs, plasma cascade-induced inflammation also plays a role in bone I/R injury. Reperfu...

C3 and C4 components of the complement are normally present in human colostrum. These compounds are natural antibacterial agents. Pectin-rich plant extracts have been shown to induce prolactin release and milk synthesis when administered by the oral route in rat. In the present work, extract from a plant rich in pectin, Gossypium herbaceum was given orally to women 2 days after parturition. The...

UNLABELLED Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure that can change swallowing biomechanics, including muscle activity of the masseter; this muscle stabilizes the mandible. AIM To characterize the electrical activity of the masseter muscle during swallowing after total laryngectomy. Series study. MATERIAL AND METHODS An electromyographic evaluation of swallowing was carried out; three dif...

A variety of intestinal bacteria have been shown to be capable of degrading choline to trimethylamine (1-3) which is readily absorbed from the intestine and excreted in the urine mainly as trimethylamine oxide. When a relatively large amount of choline is ingested by normal persons, about 60 per cent appears in the urine as total trimethylamines (TTMA), mostly within 24 hours (3). Part of the e...

patients with organic acidemia are prone to different infections, which lead to acidosis episodes. some studies have evaluated the status of immune system in acidotic phase in these patients, but to the best of our knowledge no study has evaluated the immune system in non-acidotic phase of the disease. in this study, thirty-one patients with organic acidemia were enrolled. for evaluation of hum...