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Background Many studies on the genetic background of common neoplastic diseases indicate that they may be the result of hereditary mutations in cancer susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, CHEK2, CDKN2A, NOD2, NBS1. The cancer occurrence in genetically predisposed mutation carriers may be a matter of life expectancy, efficiency of the immunological system, and cumulative action of toxic environm...

Cds1 is the ortholog of Chk2 and the major effector of the DNA replication checkpoint in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Previous studies have shown that Cds1 is activated by a two-stage mechanism. In the priming stage, the sensor kinase Rad3 and the mediator Mrc1 function to phosphorylate a threonine residue, Thr(11), in the SQ/TQ domain of Cds1. In the autoactivation stage, primed Cds1 molecules d...

Introduction Studies in the Polish population provided evidence that four founder mutations in CHEK2 gene (1100delC, IVS2 +1G>A, I157T, del5395) are associated with increased risk of cancers including breast, prostate, colon, kidney and thyroid. The substantial variability in cancer penetrance in mutation carriers can probably be explained by the influence of other genetic and/or environmental ...