A new aromaticity definition is advanced as the compactness formulation through the ratio between atoms-in-molecule and orbital molecular facets of the same chemical reactivity property around the pre- and post-bonding stabilization limit, respectively. Geometrical reactivity index of polarizability was assumed as providing the benchmark aromaticity scale, since due to its observable character;...

Non-destructive Eddy current (EC) technique has long been used to detect discontinuities in materials. Recently, its application has been extended to characterize materials microstructure. In order to identify different microstructures, four plain carbon steel bars with different chemical compositions (AISI 1015, 1035, 1045 and 1080) were used in annealed condition. The pearlite percentage, car...

BACKGROUND Enamel is the hardest and the stiffest tissue in the human body. The enamel undergoes multidirectional stresses, withstands multimillion chewing cycles, all while protecting the internal dentin and pulp from damage due to mechanical overload and exposure to the harsh chemical environment of the mouth. Raman spectroscopy allows to study enamel mineral content in a non-destructive and ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microindentation hardness and chemical composition of residual dentin left at the cavity bottom following removal of carious dentin using the Carisolv chemomechanical and Er:YAG laser caries excavation methods in comparison with the conventional tungsten-carbide bur excavation. METHODS Sixty-nine extracted permanent teeth with occl...

using the computational methods, the interaction effect of tyrosine amino acid on graphene wasinvestigated. for this purpose, the density functional theory (dft) in the ground state of 6-31gwas used, and the interaction effects of tyrosine on graphene was investigated through attachmentto three different base positions. different parameters such as energy levels, the amount ofchemical shift in ...

introduction: resin composites are an important part of restorative treatment in modern dentistry. there are many trademarks available in iran market and physico-chemical properties of many of these resin composites are not evaluated yet. this study was carried out to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of four available resin composites and also to assess the effect of aging on their prop...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the physical (setting time, hardness, flowability, microstructure) and chemical (pH change, calcium release, crystallinity) properties and the biological outcomes (cell survival and differentiation) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed using different proportions of propylene glycol (PG) and water. MATERIAL AND METHODS White MTA was mixed with different water/PG ...