Cytomegalovirus viremia and tissue-invasive disease are common after kidney transplantation. Chemoprophylaxis has made substantial improvement in this clinical problem. Here we report a 29-year-old woman who had kidney allograft rejection and received lymphocyte-depleting therapy. She presented with a new oligo-arthritis that led to 2 successive arthrocenteses. The etiology of the inflammation ...

Prophylaxis of tuberculosis in children with four month (n = 53) and three month regimens (n = 213) of rifampicin and isoniazid from 1987 to 1996 were tolerated without any toxicity. The reduction in the proportion of paediatric tuberculosis, which was seen after the introduction of chemoprophylaxis with longer regimens in 1981, was maintained with the shorter duration regimens. Altered immigra...

Given the potentially devastating consequences of severe invasive group A streptococcal disease, attention has been directed toward the role of chemoprophylaxis and the optimization of management strategies. In response to this issue, Canadian guidelines were previously developed. However, the uptake of these recommendations is variable across Canada. The present document summarizes key compone...

Sterile protection against malaria infection can be achieved by the inoculation of intact sporozoites while treating concomitantly with the 4-aminoquinoline chloroquine. We present an analysis of protective immunity elicited by successive immunization with Plasmodium berghei sporozoites under chemoprophylaxis. Immunization resulted in a protective, stage-specific immune response. Protection app...

Introduction: Malaria is a highly contagious disease. According to W.H.O., its cases are expected to increase due to climate changes. Despite eradication efforts, malaria still remains one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical regions. Many different antimalarial regimens are used; however resistance is emerging to many of them. Purpose: This crit...

SUMMARY Chemoprophylaxis has been recommended for plastic surgery patients judged to be at increased risk for venous thromboembolism. Several investigators have encountered this complication in patients despite anticoagulation therapy. An increased rate of complications related to postoperative bleeding has been reported. This article examines the efficacy and safety of this intervention, along...

About 20 years ago, very shortly after antiretroviral drugs were fi rst shown to inhibit HIV replication and improve clinical outcomes, studies of animals showed that preexposure and post-exposure antiretroviral treatment could protect against retroviral challenges. The fi rst use of antiviral drugs for chemoprophylaxis in human beings was that of zidovudine in HIV-infected pregnant women to pr...