Hermit crabs play an important role in the Northern Adriatic Sea due to their abundance, wide range of symbionts, and function in structuring the benthic community. Small-scale (0.25 m(2)) hypoxia and anoxia were experimentally generated on a sublittoral soft bottom in 24 m depth in the Gulf of Trieste. This approach successfully simulates the seasonal low dissolved oxygen (DO) events here and ...

Listeria spp., including the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, are ubiquitous microorganisms in the environment and thus are difficult to exclude from food processing plants. The factors that contribute to their multiplication and survival in nature are not well understood, but the ability to catabolize various carbohydrates is likely to be very important. One major source of carbon a...

Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature after cellulose, and it forms an integral part of insect exoskeletons, crustacean shells, krill and the cell walls of fungal spores, where it is present as a high-molecular-weight molecule. In this study, we showed that a chitin oligosaccharide of lower molecular weight (tetramer) induced genes in Arabidopsis that are principally related t...

Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls, crustacean shells, and insect exoskeletons. The immunological properties of both chitin and its deacetylated derivative chitosan are of relevance because of frequent natural exposure and their use in medical applications. Depending on the preparation studied and the end point measured, these compounds have been reported to induce ...

Durable low refractive index thin films with anti-reflection properties were successfully fabricated using chitin nanofibers (CHINF) obtained from crab shell. The low refractive index film was achieved by forming porous thin films; the porosity was produced by increasing the number of airspaces inside the membrane. The layer-by-layer (LBL) method was used to achieve the effective stacking of th...

Green mussel shells (Perna viridis) and crab (Portunus pelagicus) have not been optimally utilized. It’s can be used as chitosan. Chitosan from green mussels has a low degree of deacetylation, so it needs to combined with in its manufacture. The aims this study were characterize determine the best combination raw materials for making chitosan shells. method completely randomized design triplica...

Chitosan, which is a derivative of chitin, particularly popular due to its biodegradable and renewable nature. However, the properties chitosan can be inconsistent extraction process natural origin, poses challenge use in composite materials as matrix. The tuned by controlling degree deacetylation (the extent acetyl groups are removed from chitin form chitosan) molecular weight. This paper pres...

Food processing produces large quantities of by-products. Disposal of waste can lead to environmental and human health problems, yet often they can be turned into high value, useful products. Crustacean shell wastes from shrimp, crab, lobster, and krill contain large amounts of chitin, a polysaccharide that may be extracted after deproteinisation and demineralization of the exoskeletons .crusta...

Marine habitats containing complex physical structure (e.g., crevices) can provide shelter from predation for benthic invertebrates. To examine effects of natural and artificial structure on the abundance of intertidal juvenile crabs, 2 experiments were conducted in Kingston Bay, Massachusetts, USA, from July to September, 2012. In the first experiment, structure was manipulated in a two-factor...

ABSTRACT: The effect of methods to remove protein content on the properties glucosamine hydrochloride from shells white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and black tiger (Penaeus monodon) was investigated. Chitin obtained by demineralization in 6% HCl for 12h, deproteinization two different (first group soaked 8% NaOH 36h second treated Alcalase enzyme at concentration 0.2% 36h). Two samples we...