Utilization of natural shale formations for the creation annular barriers in oil and gas wells is currently discussed as a mean simplifying cumbersome plugging abandonment procedures. Shales that are likely to form shales with high content swelling clays relatively low cementation material (e.g., quartz, carbonates). large quartz will be rather brittle not easily deformable. In this paper we as...

This study focused on the leaching process for the recycling of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn from the LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) cathodes of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Eh–pH diagrams were used to analyze suitable leaching conditions. Operating variables, such as the concentration of H2SO4 (0.5–2.5 M), concentration of H2O2 (0–1 vol%), temperature (10–50 °C), stirring speed (400–800 rpm), and solid/liqu...

Recovering Y and Eu from waste phosphors using chlorination roasting followed by a water leaching process was investigated in this study. Firstly, by chlorination roasting and water leaching, Y and Eu elements present in waste phosphors were efficiently extracted into a leach solution. Secondly, the majority of the impurities in the solution can be removed by adjusting the pH to 4.5 using a Na2...

Interest in renewable energy sources has increased in recent years due to environmental concerns about global warming and air pollution, reduced costs and improved efficiency of technologies. Under the European Union (EU) energy directive, biomass is a suitable renewable source. The aim of this study was to experimentally quantify and characterize the emission of particulate matter (PM2.5) resu...

Accurate, non-contact pH sensing is of particular importance in the biological and clinical sciences. Fluorescence lifetime based pH sensing is potentially more useful than intensity based methods because of the reduced sensitivity to excitation source intensity variations, scattering effects, and photobleaching. In this work, we investigate the variation of fluorescence lifetime with pH for re...

More than 100 million short tons of coal combustion by-products (CCB) are generated annually. More stringent environmental regulations and increasing costs will discourage placement in landfills, encouraging increased utilization and the development of new uses for CCB. However, the potential release of trace elements from CCB is a continuing environmental concern. A study at the Federal Energy...

The chemical and mineral compositions of bauxite recovered from the Severoonezhsk Bauxite Mine (Arkhangelsk region, Russia) were studied by XRD, ICP-OES, TG/DSC, SEM, TEM, Mössbauer spectroscopy. iron-containing minerals bauxites found to comprise alumogoethite (α-Fe1–xAlxOOH), alumohematite (α-(Fe1–xAlx)2O3), alumoakaganeite (β-Fe1–xAlxO(OH,Cl)), chromite (FeCr2O4). efficiency Fe extraction HC...

One concern for recycle and reuse of scrap tires is the leaching of tire constituents (organic and inorganic) with time, and their subsequent potential harmful impacts in environment. The main objective of this study was to examine the leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved nitrogen (DN), and selected inorganic constituents from scrap tires. Different sizes of tire chips and crum...

The leaching reaction kinetics of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth with mixed ammonium salts was studied. The in uence of concentration of reagents and particle size of ore on leaching rate was investigated. The results showed that the di usion process and leaching rate could be improved by increasing reagents concentration and decreasing leaching owing rate and particle size. The l...