As we saw last week, the worldwide scientific community has reached consensus that global warming is inevitable if humans continue to dump "greenhouse gases" into the atmosphere at anything like present rates. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and a few others. These gases act like the glass covering a greenhouse, letting sunlight in but...

An accurate evaluation of the thennophysical properties of refiigerants over wide ranges of pressure and temperature is necessary to predict the performance of possible alternatives to fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons in refrigeration and heat pumping applications. The transport properties have, in fact, a very important part in the refrigeration plant heat exchangers design. An Extended C...

Subsurface waters have been classified into meteoric water, ocean water, evolved connate water, magmatic water and juvenile water. Geothermal water is mostly meteoric and oceanic water although andesitic waters near subduction areas often contain significant proportions of evolved connate and magmatic waters. Geothermal waters have been classified with respect to their anion and cation contents...

The chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are industrial chemicals used as solvents, refrigerants, plastic foam blowing agents, etc. These compounds are eventually released to the environment; they slowly drift into the stratosphere, where they decompose, initiating a catalytic process involving chlorine free radicals and leading to ozone destruction. The stratospheric ozone layer is important for the ear...

In this paper, the main goal of project FREDE (FREon Decay Experiment) have been presented. It aim is to study the disintegration phenomenon of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s). As radiatively active gases present in the Troposphere and Stratosphere they influence the depletion of the Earth’s ozone layer and the increase in the greenhouse effect. This experiment consisting of test samples reservoir ...

Abstract The distribution of groundwater age is useful for evaluating the susceptibility and sustainability resources. Here, we compute aquifer-scale cumulative function to characterize 21 Principal Aquifers that account ~80% public-supply pumping in United States. each Aquifer was derived from an ensemble modeled distributions (~60 samples per aquifer) based on multiple tracers: tritium, triti...

The issue of plastic pollution is recognised as a pervasive and ubiquitous problem which can pose threat to ecosystems worldwide potentially affect human health. In this perspective, we selected the latest research that identifies potential impacts beyond individual species draw attention on wider biogeochemical cycles most fundamental biological processes all depend on, namely, breathing, feed...

Abstract Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are harmful ozone depleting substances and greenhouse gases. CFC production was phased-out under the Montreal Protocol, however recent studies suggest new unexpected emissions of CFC-11. Quantifying requires accurate estimates both atmospheric lifetimes ongoing from old equipment (i.e. ‘banks’). In a Bayesian framework we simultaneously infer lifetimes, banks...