The formation of a protective chromium carbide passive film makes austenitic stainless steel (ASS) alloys suitable for corrosive and high-temperature environments. This paper examined the transformation microstructure, corrosion, mechanical properties gas tungsten arc welded 316 steel. scientific principles governing metallurgical corrosion dynamics were discussed. review shows that on 316L ASS...

Author’s address: J.W.H. Mali, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen (The Netherlands) Last year some doubt arose about the real significance of the positive patch test for bichromate solutions, as positive patch tests and intra-cutaneous reactions for trivalent chromium compounds have been reported (Fregert et al.) and because trivalent chromium compounds, next to bichromate have often been found in the en...

The performance of electrocoagulation using iron electrodes for the removal of hexavalent chromium from synthetic aqueous solutions and actual industrial electroplating wastewater was studied. Parameters affecting the electrocoagulation process, such as initial pH, applied current density, initial metal ion concentration, COD and time of electroprocessing were investigated. The optimum pH was f...

Mesoporous chromium nitride (CrN) was prepared by a solid-solid phase separation method and was further evaluated as a support for Pt in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Pt/CrN exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity and stability than Pt/C toward the ORR, which may be attributed to the excellent electronic conductivity, and chemical and electrochemical stability of CrN. The fact that CrN...

Our aim was to investigate the adverse effects of occupational exposure to trivalent chromium. We measured chromium and iron levels in serum and urine and hemoglobin levels in tannery workers and unexposed persons. We studied three groups of subjects. Group 1 included 15 non-smoking male tannery workers highly exposed to chromium from tanning and retanning departments. Group 2 included 14 non-s...

Chromium (Cr) is a naturally occurring element with atomic number 24 and atomic mass of 51.996 amu. The element belongs to the group of transition metals and in the oxidation state elementary presents an electronic configuration (Ar) 4d5s1. Chromium is naturally present in the environment, it is widespread in rocks, animal, plants and soil, and is the seventh most abundant element on Earth's cr...

Two experiments were completed to determine the effects of diet mix uniformity and ractopamine HCl on finishing pig performance. In Exp. 1, a total of 200 pigs (BW = 90 kg) were used in a 33-d growth assay arranged in a randomized complete block design with 5 pigs/pen and 8 pens/treatment. Treatments were a corn-soybean meal-based control diet mixed for 360 s or the mixed control diet with 10 m...

Focus of this paper is the description of common used methods for hexavalent chromium measurement. This work is focused especially on commonly available spectrophotometric method based on the reaction with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide, because not every laboratory is equipped with modern devices for this pollutant measurement,. Special attention was focused on the variability possibilities of the basi...