Using green fluorescent protein probes and rapid acquisition of high-resolution fluorescence images, sister centromeres in budding yeast are found to be separated and oscillate between spindle poles before anaphase B spindle elongation. The rates of movement during these oscillations are similar to those of microtubule plus end dynamics. The degree of preanaphase separation varies widely, with ...

compound X chromosome consists of two X chromosomes joined to form a A single chromosome containing one centromere, two euchromatically complete (or almost complete) X chromosome elements, and heterochromatic regions whose distribution can be specified but whose content is uncertain (NOVITSKI 1954). The elements of a compound may be in reversed or tandem sequence, the centromere may be between ...

Two different mapping approaches were used to determine the human chromosomal location of the gene for protein S. A human protein S cDNA was used as a hybridization probe to analyze a panel of somatic cell hybrids containing different human chromosomes. Cosegregation of protein S-specific DNA restriction fragments with human chromosome 3 was observed. Three cell hybrids containing only a portio...

Each Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome contains a single centromere composed of three conserved DNA elements, CDE I, II, and III. The histone H3 variant, Cse4p, is an essential component of the S. cerevisiae centromere and is thought to replace H3 in specialized nucleosomes at the yeast centromere. To investigate the genetic interactions between Cse4p and centromere DNA, we measured the chrom...

A study of the distribution of Topoisomerase II alpha (Topo II) in cells of six tissue culture cell lines, human (HeLa), mouse (L929), rat, Indian muntjac, rat kangaroo (PTK-2), and wallaby revealed the following features: (1) There is a cell cycle association of a specific population of Topo II with the centromere. (2) The centromere is distinguished from the remainder of the chromosome by the...

The centromere is a chromatin region that serves as the spindle attachment point and directs accurate inheritance of eukaryotic chromosomes during cell divisions. However, the mechanism by which the centromere assembles and stabilizes at a specific genomic region is not clear. The de novo formation of a human/mammalian artificial chromosome (HAC/MAC) with a functional centromere assembly requir...

Classical genetic studies in Drosophila and yeast have shown that chromosome centromeres have a cis-acting ability to repress meiotic exchange in adjacent DNA. To determine whether a similar phenomenon exists at human centromeres, we measured the rate of meiotic recombination across the centromere of the human X chromosome. We have constructed a long-range physical map of centromeric alpha-sate...

Chromosomal characteristics and karyological analysis of three Dixonius, including D. hangseesom, siamensis melanostictus, from Thailand were studied. Chromosome preparations conducted by squash technique bone marrow testis. Conventional Giemsa’s staining Ag-NOR banding techniques applied to stain the chromosome. The results showed that diploid chromosomes are 2n=40, for hangseesom siamensis; 2...

The artificial chromosome represents a useful tool for gene transfer, both as cloning vectors and in chromosome biology research. To generate a Plasmodium artificial chromosome (PAC), we had to first functionally identify and characterize the parasite's centromere. A putative centromere (pbcen5) was cloned from chromosome 5 of the rodent parasite P. berghei based on a Plasmodium gene-synteny ma...