Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) has been recently identified as an inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorder. Punctate and curvilinear gadolinium enhancement (peppering) the pons is a characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) feature of CLIPPERS. Pathogenesis of this disorder remains unknown. A specific seru...

Background: IGF-1 and certain other cytokines have been shown to exert inflammatory/anti-inflammatory roles in chronic joint diseases. Objective: To assess the effect of IGF-1, IL-27 and IL-35, their interaction and their receptor expression in a rheumatoid arthritis model. Methods: Freund’s adjuvant-induced chronic joint inflammation was operated on 160 male rats. Animals were divided into his...

Up to 10% of people worldwide are affected by the chronic condition known as Peptic Ulcer. Ulcer development is influenced pH gastric juice and a decline in mucosal defences. The main factors affecting resistance damage Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs). Treatment for Ulcers today challenging task every patient. A digestive disorder tha...

Asthma, according to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHBLI) in 2002, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of airways that involves role many cells cellular components. The long-term goals asthma management are achieve good symptom control maintain normal living activities minimize risk exacerbations, airway obstruction, side effects. drugs available for therapy divided into or contro...

Insulin resistance (IR) and related disorders, such as T2DM, increase the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) vice versa. Current evidence indicates that psychological stress overeating can induce chronic low-grade inflammation interfere with glutamate metabolism in MDD well insulin signaling, particularly atypical subtype. Here we first review interactive role inflammatory processes develo...

Introduction: Kimura disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the subcutaneous tissue. It of unknown etiology mainly occurring in head and neck region. Case report: A 34-year-old Malay lady presented with gradually enlarging, painless right nasal bridge mass for one year duration. Clinical examination revealed firm, immobile swelling measuring 2 cm x cm. Nasal endoscopy showed ...

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDER ENCOMPASSING TWO MAJOR ENTITIES: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Intestinal inflammatory processes reduce the absorption of sodium, chloride and calcium, while they increase potassium secretion. In addition, mild to severe metabolic alkalosis may occur in IBD patients, mainly depending on the severity of the ...

evidence acquisition elevated serum leptin levels are regarded as an established marker of obesity. it is also reported that obese asthmatic patients have maximum serum leptin levels compared to other groups such as non-obese asthmatics, and normal obese and non obese subjects without asthma. in addition to having an appetite suppressing effect, leptin also regulates certain acute-phase protein...

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting mainly the axial skeleton. Here we report a case of a man with a clinical suspicion of ankylosing spondylitis but with a persistence of increased inflammatory markers. In this case, (18)F-FDG-PET/CT revealed multiple hypermetabolic lesions in axial skeleton, lymph nodes, and the lung, suggestive of either disseminated tuberculo...

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a non-bacterial inflammatory disorder of unknown cause occurring in children and adolescents. It is characterized by the insidious onset of pain and swelling to multifocal involved bones, recurring over months to years. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroids are the first choice for the initial and relapse treatment. Howeve...