Healthy diet is highly important, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Proper nutrition provides the energy to perform everyday activities, prevents infection, builds muscle, and helps to prevent kidney disease from getting worse. However, what does a proper diet mean for a CKD patient? Nutrition requirements differ depending on the level of kidney function and the presence...

Renal denervation (RDN) is a new treatment for hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its efficacy still debated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the and s...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs commonly in patients with cardiovascular disease. In addition, CKD is a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. In this advisory, we present recommendations for the detection of CKD in patients with cardiovascular disease. CKD can be reliably detected with the combined use of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equatio...

End-stage renal disease-stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)-of the native kidneys, related to biopsy-proven Arndt-Gottron scleromyxoedema, developed in a male patient. From 1998 until 2001, the patient was treated by haemodialysis. In June 2001, cadaveric kidney transplantation was performed. In January 2004, a kidney biopsy was performed because of deteriorating renal function revealing relap...

INTRODUCTION Chronic renal dysfunction is a progressive and irreversible process in kidney function, which often resulted in chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic renal failure (CRF). Range of CKD is varying from proteinuria and renal failure to CRF. CASE PRESENTATION A 78-year-old man presented with stage 4 CKD for 7 years; the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and creatinine levels remaine...

Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing in incidence and lead to significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The relationship between these two entities is complex. Individual components of the MetS are known risk factors for incident kidney disease, but it is not clear how the clustering of these components is linked to the development and progres...

The pineal hormone melatonin plays a major role in circadian sleep-wake rhythm. Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), especially those who are on hemodialysis, frequently suffer from sleep disturbances. In this review an overview is given of the classification of stages of chronic kidney disease, followed by a presentation of the circadian rhythm disorders in renal disease involving sleep...

Hyperkalemia is associated with higher risk of cardiac arrhythmia leading to sudden death among both general population and patients chronic kidney disease (CKD), the latter ones more susceptible disorder. Nowadays, hyperkalemia can be well handled through effective treatment, but incidence hyperkalemia, especially occurring repeatedly, still a considerate threat people’s health. For CKD, adver...

The major forms of cardiovascular disease including coronary atherosclerosis, valvular disease, myocardial dysfunction, and arrhythmias are observed either alone or in combination in a large fraction of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As CKD progresses, these cardiovascular conditions become more prevalent and severe. The clinical implications of combined heart and kidney disease in...

Nowadays the patient more often has a comorbid pathology. The combinations of two or chronic diseases, which are either pathologically interlaced exist simultaneously, may worsen case each individual disease. Kidney diseases associated with gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular and endocrine because same immunological features etiology pathogenesis. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires co...