OBJECTIVES To compare standard high flow oxygen treatment with titrated oxygen treatment for patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the prehospital setting. DESIGN Cluster randomised controlled parallel group trial. SETTING Ambulance service in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. PARTICIPANTS 405 patients with a presumed acute exacerbation of chronic obst...

1 Suissa S, Ernst P, Vandemheen KL, Aaron SD. Methodological issues in therapeutic trials of COPD. Eur Respir J 2008; 31: 927–933. 2 Sin DD, Wu L, Anderson JA, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2005; 60: 992–997. 3 Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmo...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by the gradual progression of irreversible airflow obstruction and increased inflammation in the airways and lung parenchyma that is generally distinguishable from the inflammation caused by asthma. Most chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with smoking, but occupational exposure to irritants and air pollution also are import...

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has estimated that by 2030, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be the third leading cause of death worldwide. Most knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is based on studies performed in Europe or North America and little is known about the prevalence, patient characteristics and change in lung function over time in patients in develo...

Background: In severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interval training (IT) can be performed with oxygen support, which provides beneficial effect on metabolic processes, tissue perfusion, and peripheral muscle function.

BACKGROUND AND AIM The multi-drug resistant-1 (MDR-1) gene is located on human chromosome 7 and encodes a glycosylated membrane protein that is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporters superfamily. The aim of the study was to reveal the role of the C3435T MDR-1 gene polymorphism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHOD DNA samples from 41 patients with chronic obstructive pul...

References 1 Camp PG, Ramirez-Venegas A, Sansores RH, et al. COPD phenotypes in biomass smokeversus tobacco smokeexposed Mexican women. Eur Respir J 2014; 43: 725–734. 2 Agustı́ A. Phenotypes and disease characterization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Toward the extinction of phenotypes? Ann Am Thorac Soc 2013; 10: Suppl., S125–S130. 3 Ramı́rez-Venegas A, Sansores RH, Pérez-Padilla R, ...

1. Calverley PM, Boonsawat W, Cseke Z, Zhong N, Peterson S, Olsson H. Maintenance therapy with budesonide and formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 912–919. 2. Szafranski W, Cukier A, Ramirez A, et al. Efficacy and safety of budesonide/formoterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 74–81. 3. Calverley P, Pauwel...