We analyze the stellar ages obtained from a combination of Lick indices in Borghi et al. for 140 massive and passive galaxies selected LEGA-C survey at $0.6<z<0.9$. From their median age--redshift relation, we derive new direct measurement $H(z)$ without any cosmological model assumption using cosmic chronometer approach. thoroughly study main systematics involved this analysis: choice combinat...

Introduction: Chondrites are early objects composed of primitive undifferentiated material. The study of their earliest and most primitive components like the refractory inclusions (CAIs) and the chondrules provide us with strong constraints on the events in the early solar system. Chondrules are millimeter-sized spheres present in abundance in most chondrites. They are thought to have formed b...

Introduction: The time scale and functional shape of Earth’s accretion and core formation may be investigated using the Hf (half-life: 9 Myr)-W extinct nuclide chronometer [1,2] because the Hf/W ratio is fractionated both strongly and uniquely by core formation. W is partitioned into the metal phase and Hf into the silicate mantle during the formation of the Earth. The core will develop a defic...

HYPOTHESIS External palpable landmarks can be used to identify the facial nerve trunk quickly and safely. DESIGN Prospective anatomical dissection study. SETTING University department of human anatomy and university hospital. METHODS A total of 40 human cadaver heads (79 facial nerves) were dissected by 2 prosectors, a surgeon with experience in the anatomy of the parotid region (J.A.P.; ...

Introduction: Sn decays to Te with a half-life of 0.235 Myrs and is a possible short-lived chronometer for early solar system development. Sn can only be produced in significant amounts by the r-process, which is thought to take place in a supernova environment. The discovery of Te excesses that correlate with Sn/Te in meteorites would thus provide confirmation of the theory that a supernova in...

We appreciate the opportunity to address the comment by Schwarz et al. (2011) concerning our calibration of the Ar/Ar chronometer (Renne et al., 2010). In particular, we thank Schwarz et al. for partially clarifying the sensitive dependence of liquid scintillation counting (LSC) data on the branching ratio (kb/ke) for determination of the K half-life. This dependence is as stated “. . . easily ...

METHODS. Each parent/child pair was assigned to 1 of 3 self-reporting modes: audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI), face-to-face interview with a member of the study staff, or self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaire. The same mode was administered at each study visit for any given parent/child pair: baseline and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 months. Corticosteroid metered-dose inhalers we...

We describe a strategy for development of chronological control in tropical trees lacking demonstrably annual ring formation, using high resolution O measurements in tropical wood. The approach applies existing models of the oxygen isotopic composition of alpha-cellulose (Roden et al., 2000), a rapid method for cellulose extraction from raw wood (Brendel et al., 2000), and continuous flow isoto...

Understanding dynamic conditions in the Solar Nebula is the key to prediction of the material to be found in comets. We suggest that a dynamic, large-scale circulation pattern brings processed dust and gas from the inner nebula back out into the region of cometesimal formation-extending possibly hundreds of astronomical units (AU) from the sun-and that the composition of comets is determined by...

Determining the efficient density for forest roads is essential to decrease the costs of skidding and road constructing in forestry plans. In order to estimate the optimal density for road network in Dalak kheyl forest district (Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industries), we calculated the roading costs and hourly costs of Timber jack 450C and HSM 904 skidders. The length of skid trails was measured...