Context: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular yet their effects on health remain unknown. Objective: To conduct the first comprehensive and standardized assessment of the acute impact of active and passive e-cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function, as compared to active and passive tobacco cigarette smoking. Materials and methods: Fifteen smokers ...

Candida species constitute a part of the human oral commensal flora in 2 to 71 percent healthy subjects. Several previous studies have reported that tobacco smoking, either alone or combination with other systemic local factors, is associated increased candidal colonization development candidosis. It has been suggested cigarette smoking might lead localized epithelial alterations allowing colon...

OBJECTIVES Little is known about polytobacco use among African-American adults. This study is the first to explore this among a random, statewide, community sample of African-American adults. SETTING Community-based sampling obtained a random, household-probability sample of African-American adults from California, surveyed door to door in randomly selected census tracts statewide. PARTICIP...

It has been well established that cigarette smoking is a powerful risk factor for coronary artery disease. A number of epidemiologic studies have shown a strong association between cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and death from coronary artery disease. In addition to active smoking, passive smoking can also carry a risk of coronary artery disease. Although the detai...

BACKGROUND Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may help cigarette smokers quit smoking, yet they may also facilitate cigarette smoking for never-smokers. We quantify the balance of health benefits and harms associated with e-cigarette use at the population level. METHODS AND FINDINGS Monte Carlo stochastic simulation model. Model parameters were drawn from census counts, national health and ...

A cigarette contains nicotine substance that can cause smokers to become dependent on nicotine. Smokers who are already addicted will experience withdrawal syndrome. The earlier age people smoke at, the higher level of dependence they have. adverse effect is find it difficult stop smoking. This study aimed investigate experiences adolescent was a qualitative conducted with phenomenological appr...

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Nowak A, Pawliczak R. Cigarette smoking and oxidative stress. Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology. 2022. doi:10.5114/pja.2022.116285. APA Nowak, A., & Pawliczak, (2022). https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116285 Chicago Artur, Rafał Pawliczak. "Cigarette stress". Harvard MLA Artur et al. stress." Alle...

BACKGROUND: Based on anecdotal evidence, waterpipe may provide gateway to cigarette smoking onset among youth. This hypothesis is yet to be examined using appropriate study design and a theoretical model of behavioral change. AIM: To compare the risk of cigarette smoking initiation for waterpipe-only and never-smokers among a school-based sample of adolescents from Irbid, Jordan. METHODS: A tot...

It is unknown whether first-generation electronic cigarettes reduce smoking urges and withdrawal symptoms following a 24 h deprivation period. This study tested whether a first-generation electronic cigarette reduces smoking urges and withdrawal symptoms in cigarette smokers. Following 24 h of tobacco deprivation, using a within-subjects design, eight nontreatment seeking tobacco cigarette smok...