Although medium-term survival following Fontan operations in the modern era has improved dramatically, late cardiovascular and extracardiac morbidity are common and are associated with impaired quality of life and premature late mortality. This serves as a reminder of the extraordinary adaptations required of the cardiovascular system when the systemic arterial, systemic venous and pulmonary ci...

Internal gravity waves influence a variety of phenomena in Earth’s stratosphere and upper troposphere, including aviation weather turbulence and circulations that set high-altitude distributions of ozone and greenhouse gases. Here coupling between the dominant mode of subseasonal variability of the equatorial atmosphere—the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO)—and subtropical stratospheric gravity w...

Local newspapers are an important source of health news, especially in small communities. We describe the amount and type of cancer information in Ontario daily newspapers dichotomized by circulation size (> 400,000 or < 40,000) and community size (> 250,000 or < 25,000 people) for 1991. All cancer articles (n = 1027) in five newspapers with large circulations, serving large communities, and fi...

By reducing the dose of injected fluorescein its leakage from conjunctival and episcleral capillaries has been minimised. These vessels have been demonstrated with great clarity, and the venous circulation, previously obscured by extravascular fluorescein, has also been revealed. The anatomy of the anterior segment vessels, and the blood flow within them, has been studied in eight normal subjec...

Let K be an abelian group and G be a connected graph, both finite. Using basic properties of circulations, we show that it is easy to generate uniformly random K-circulations on G. This leads to efficient algorithms for computing the cut edges, cut edge-pairs, and cut vertices of a graph; for example, the cut edges are “usually” the edges where a random circulation vanishes. In the distributed ...

This paper discusses the balanced circulation polytope, that is, the convex hull of balanced circulations of a given balanced flow network. The LP description of this polytope is the LP description of ordinary circulations plus some odd-set constraints. The paper starts with an exposition of several classes of odd-set inequalities. These inequalities are described in terms of balanced network f...