Detecting and predicting a program's execution phases is crucial to dynamically adaptable systems and dynamic optimizations. Program execution phases have a strong connection to program control structures, in particular, loops and procedure calls. Intuitively, a phase can be associated with some dynamic code regions that are embedded in loops and procedures. This paper proposes off-line and on-...

A new Gray map between codes over F2 +uF2 +uF2 +uF2 + ....+ uF2 and codes over F2 is defined. It is proved that the Gray image of a linear (1− um)-cyclic code over F2 + uF2 + uF2 + uF2 + .... + uF2 of length n is a binary distance invariant quasi-cylic code of index 2m−1 and length 2mn. It is also proved that if n is odd, then every code of length 2mn over F2 which is the Gray image of a linear...

the main purpose of this study is to empirically compare of intellectual capital (ic) and its efficiency between advanced and low technology manufacturing companies using a sample of 135 malaysian listed manufacturing companies during the 2006-2012 period. the manufacturing companies are classified into different sectors based on their products and services (standard industrial classification (...

The organization of the canonical genetic code needs to be thoroughly illuminated. Here we reorder the four nucleotides-adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine-according to their emergence in evolution, and apply the organizational rules to devising an algebraic representation for the canonical genetic code. Under a framework of the devised code, we quantify codon and amino acid usages from a la...