Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF-2alpha), a target molecule of the interferon-inducible double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), was cleaved in apoptotic Saos-2 cells on treatment with poly(I).poly(C) or tumour necrosis factor alpha. This cleavage occurred with a time course similar to that of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a well-known caspase substrate. In additio...

Several reports have linked activating protein 2alpha (AP-2alpha) to apoptosis, leading us to hypothesize that AP-2alpha is a substrate for caspases. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on the expression of AP-2 in breast cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence that TNF-alpha downregulates AP-2alpha and AP-2gamma expression posttranscrip...

PURPOSE To determine the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling pathways in preventing infection-induced apoptosis in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). METHODS Epithelial monolayers of a telomerase-immortalized HCEC line, HUCL, and primary culture of HCECs were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of the EGFR inhibitor tyrphostin AG1478,...

Emerging evidence implicates impaired protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in Parkinson's disease; however cellular mechanisms underlying dopaminergic degeneration during proteasomal dysfunction are yet to be characterized. In the present study, we identified that the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta plays a central role in mediating apoptotic cell death following UPS dysfunct...

OBJECTIVES To compare the biological effects of 125I seeds continuous low-dose-rate (CLDR) radiation and 60Co γ-ray high-dose-rate (HDR) radiation on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS A549, H1299 and BEAS-2B cells were exposed to 125I seeds CLDR radiation or 60Co γ-ray HDR radiation. The survival fraction was determined using a colony-forming assay. The cell cycl...

PURPOSE Light-induced retinal degeneration is a vision-threatening retinal disease. Light can damage not only photoreceptor cells but also retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This study was aimed to observe the spatiotemporal expression of dexamethasone-induced Ras protein 1 (Dexras1) and document the effect of Dexras1 on RGC damage after light exposure. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were expo...

Previous studies have suggested that hepatocyte apoptosis may be a fundamental underlying mechanism of liver injury and diseases, such as liver fibrosis. Relaxin‑3 has been reported to have anti‑fibrotic actions in the heart and to attenuate isoproterenol‑induced myocardial injury; however, the beneficial role of relaxin‑3 on hepatocyte apoptosis remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present...

We have recently reported that phlorofucofuroeckol A isolated from Ecklonia stolonifera showed potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-stimulated macrophages. This study aims to investigate the cytoprotective effect of phlorofucofuroeckol A and to characterize its molecular mechanisms using tacrine-treated HepG2 cells. Phlorofucofuroeckol A showed a cytoprotective effect...

This study was designed to investigate the role of caspase-3/E-cadherin in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) -induced gastric epithelial apoptosis in cells, animal models and clinical gastritis patients. In cultured gastric mucosal epithelial cells, gastric glandular epithelial cells and C57BL/6 mice, H. pylori infection significantly induced apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells, down-regulated ...

Introduction We aimed to determine the effects of Zhuyu Annao (ZYAN) prescription on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and cognitive disorder (CD) in ischemic brain injury (IBI). Material methods The improved Rice-Vannucci method was used prepare a rat model IBI. Rats ZYAN group were intragastrically administered 12.50 g/kg 4 h after modeling; rats mock surgical (MSG) (MG) an intraperitoneal injec...