objectives: the aim of this study was to histologically compare the regenerative properties of two allografts manufactured by two iranian companies. materials and methods: in this study, four 8-mm defects were produced in the calvaria of 12 rabbits. in three defects, three types of allografts namely itb, cenobone and grafton were placed and one defect served as control. samples were prepared an...

abstract background: invasive fungal infection is an opportunistic infection caused commonly by mucoraccae and aspergillus. it mostly occurs in patients with underlying disease. since it has a high mortality and morbidity rate, considering a treatment strategy seems necessary.   objective: since there has not been a clear protocol for treating these patients, we decided to establish a protocol ...

We present the first broadband λ = 1mm spectrum toward the z = 2.56 Cloverleaf Quasar, obtained with Z-Spec, a 1-mm grating spectrograph on the 10.4-meter Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. The 190–305 GHz observation band corresponds to rest-frame 272 to 444 μm, and we measure the dust continuum as well as all four transitions of carbon monoxide (CO) lying in this range. The power-law dust emi...

The authors describe the surgical anatomy for the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to the ventrolateral skull base. The ventrolateral skull base can be divided into two segments: the upper lateral and lower lateral skull base. The upper lateral skull base includes the cavernous sinus and the orbit, while the lower lateral skull base includes the petrous apex, Meckel's cave, parapharyngeal sp...

Preliminary positive results of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in enhancing the effects of cognitive and motor training indicate that this technique might also be beneficial in traumatic brain injury or patients who had decompressive craniectomy for trauma and cerebrovascular disease. One perceived hurdle is the presence of skull defects or skull plates in these patients that wo...

The cloverleaf secondary structure of transfer RNA (tRNA) is highly conserved across all forms of life. Here, we provide sequence data and inferred secondary structures for all tRNA genes from 8 new arachnid mitochondrial genomes, including representatives from 6 orders. These data show remarkable reductions in tRNA gene sequences, indicating that T-arms are missing from many of the 22 tRNAs in...

Bovine mitochondrial tRNA(Ser) (UCN) has been thought to have two U-U mismatches at the top of the acceptor stem, as inferred from its gene sequence. However, this unusual structure has not been confirmed at the RNA level. In the course of investigating the structure and function of mitochondrial tRNAs, we have isolated the bovine liver mitochondrial tRNA(Ser) (UCN) and determined its complete ...

EF-Tu delivers aminoacyl-tRNAs to ribosomes in the translation system. However, unusual truncations found in some animal mitochondrial tRNAs seem to prevent recognition by a canonical EF-Tu. We showed previously that the chromadorean nematode has two distinct EF-Tus, one of which (EF-Tu1) binds only to T-armless aminoacyl-tRNAs and the other (EF-Tu2) binds to D-armless Ser-tRNAs. Neither of the...