Temporal noise sets the fundamental limit on image sensor performance, especially under low illumination and in video applications. In a CCD image sensor, temporal noise is primarily due to the photodetector shot noise and the output amplifier thermal and 1 noise. CMOS image sensors suffer from higher noise than CCDs due to the additional pixel and column amplifier transistor thermal and 1 nois...

processing. Real-time image processing system pro­ ceeds in three steps; transducing, read-out and pro­ In this paper, we propose novel image sensors which cessing. The high bandwidth required to transfer data compress image signal. By making use of very fast from the sensor to the processor is also a fundamen­ analog processing on the imager plane, the compres­tal disadvantage of the paradigm ...

The recent development of the CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) has, for the first time, permitted large scale integration of supporting circuitry and smart camera functions on the same chip as a high-performance image sensor. This paper reports on the demonstration of a new 128 128 CMOS APS with programmable multiresolution readout capability. By placing signal processing circuitry on the imaging...

As part of a wider study into the use of smartphones as solar ultraviolet radiation monitors, this article characterizes the ultraviolet A (UVA; 320-400 nm) response of a consumer complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based smartphone image sensor in a controlled laboratory environment. The CMOS image sensor in the camera possesses inherent sensitivity to UVA, and despite the attenuati...

FPGA can solve the lack of custom circuit, and overcome the original programmable gate device limited number of faults. The paper presents application of FPGA in high-speed CMOS digital image acquisition and color recognition system. Color recognition system is mainly composed of analog and digital two parts. The analog part mainly used photoelectric signal conversion, amplification and filteri...

In a Digital Pixel Sensor (DPS), each pixel has an ADC, all ADCs operate in parallel, and digital data is directly read out of the image sensor array as in a conventional digital memory [1]. The DPS architecture offers several advantages over analog image sensors including better scaling with CMOS technology due to reduced analog circuit performance demands and the elimination of column fixed-p...

The recent development of the CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) has, for the first time, pennitted large scale in­ tegration of supporting circuitry and smart camera functions on the same chip as a high-performance image sensor. This paper reports on the demonstration of a new 128 x 128 CMOS APS with programmable multiresolution readout capability. By placing signal processing circuitry on the ima...

In this work, a novel approach is presented for measuring relative temperature variations inside the pixel array of a CMOS image sensor itself. This approach can give important information when compensation for dark (current) fixed pattern noise (FPN) is needed. The test image sensor consists of pixels and temperature sensors pixels (=Tixels). The size of the Tixels is 11 μm × 11 μm. Pixels and...

A wide dynamic range CMOS image sensor based on a new active pixel structure with a pinned photodiode is proposed and evaluated with device simulations. The proposed pixel device has a linear and a logarithmic characteristics in low and high illumination region, respectively. The technique of direct detection of photodiode potential leads to a wide logarithmic response compared with the convent...

A smart ultra-low power CMOS image sensor comprising an analog programmable processor array is reported. Compact and efficient motion detection algorithms are implemented to process sub-sampled images made of so-called macropixels. Only Regions of Interest (ROI) consisting of macropixels containing moving objects are read out. This drastically reduces power consumption: the 110×240 pixel image ...