Determining the birthdate of neurons and glia in relation lO the time period of neurochemical 1.nd cellular differentiation are necessary for understanding early developmental events in the central nerv.>us system (CNS). Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). a thymidine analog has recently become an alternative to the tritiated thymidine autoradiography for the study of cytogenesis in the CNS. Our laborato...

introduction tongue is one of the most important organs in the oral cavity which has significant roles in different functions such as speaking, mastication, swallowing, breathing, etc. the tongue may be influenced by internal diseases sooner than other organs and also may be involved in some abnormalities that some are developmental and some of them are genetical and environmental. this study h...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Prenatal diagnosis of malformations is an important method of prevention and control of congenital anomalies with poor prognosis. Central nervous system (CNS) malformations amongst these are the most common. The information about the prevalence and spectrum of prenatally detected malformations is crucial for genetic counselling and policymaking for population-based preve...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although sonography is the primary imaging technique for evaluating the developing fetus, significant limitations exist in the sonographic prenatal diagnosis of many brain disorders. Fast MR imaging is increasingly being used to determine the underlying cause of nonspecific fetal CNS abnormalities detected sonographically and to confirm or provide further support for such...

to determine easily identifiable congenital anomalies (ca) prevalence and risk factors in the first 24 hours of life in a cross-sectional study we assessed 2291 live born neonates at four teaching hospitals from september 1999 until march 2000 in the south of tehran. data were collected by a structured form which contained neonatal characters including sex, gestational age, birth weight, histor...

Neurosurgeons deal with the most vulnerable human organ, the central and peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS): the brain and its efferent and afferent neural structures (spinal cord), and peripheral nerves. Also, the CNS blood vessel system as well as the CNS surrounding structures, like the membranes covering the CNS tissue and the bony elements enveloping the CNS (skull and spinal column),...

BACKGROUND Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) is a cell-surface receptor tyrosine kinase for platelet-derived growth factors. Correct timing and level of Pdgfra expression is crucial for embryo development, and deletion of Pdgfra caused developmental defects of multiple endoderm and mesoderm derived structures, resulting in a complex phenotypes including orofacial cleft, spi...

Central nervous system(CNS) malformations are one of the commonest malformations that frequently encountered in pregnancy. It can vary from subtle to very severe defects. Most of them can be diagnosed with prenatal ultrasound. Objective: The purpose of our study was to describe the incidence of various CNS malformations and their imaging findings on antenatal ultrasound. Materials and Methods: ...

A discriminant analysis was performed in a sample of 303 children with developmental disorders (DD) and 303 healthy controls (C) in order to test whether some oro-dental and physical minor anomalies could discriminate these groups of children. DD sample comprised 176 mentally retarded (MR) children. 70 children with impaired hearing (IH) and 57 children with impaired vision (IV). The control gr...