CO2 capture and further conversion into valuable products can be a promising solution against global warming. Normally, CO2 conversion can be achieved by chemical methods, by photocatalytic and electrocatalytic reduction [1]. Specifically for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2, challenges remain, such as the slow kinetics of CO2 electro-reduction, even when high electrode reduction potential are...

Transition-metal-based molecular complexes are a class of catalyst materials for electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO that can be rationally designed to deliver high catalytic performance. One common mechanistic feature of these electrocatalysts developed thus far is an electrogenerated reduced metal center associated with catalytic CO2 reduction. Here we report a heterogenized zinc-porphyrin co...

A hybrid for the visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using methanol as a reducing agent was developed by combining two different types of photocatalysts: a Ru(II) dinuclear complex (RuBLRu') used for CO2 reduction is adsorbed onto Ag-loaded TaON (Ag/TaON) for methanol oxidation. Isotope experiments clearly showed that this hybrid photocatalyst mainly produced HCOOH (TN = 41 for...

Surface modification of TiO2 with NaOH promoted the chemisorption, activation and photocatalytic CO2 reduction. An optimized loading amount of NaOH kept a good balance between CO2 chemisorption quantity and BET surface area of TiO2. This noble metal free method provides a simple pathway for effective multiple H(+)/e(-) CO2 photoreduction.

The reduction of carbon dioxide to useful chemicals has received a great deal of attention as an alternative to the depletion of fossil resources without altering the atmospheric CO2 balance. As the chemical reduction of CO2 is energetically uphill due to its remarkable thermodynamic stability, this process requires a significant transfer of energy. Achievements in the fields of photocatalysis ...

Ni-catalyzed carboxylation of the C(sp(3))-Cl bond with CO2 in the presence of MgCl2 was theoretically investigated. MgCl2 plays three crucial roles in stabilization of a Ni(I)-CO2 adduct and acceleration of the CO2 insertion as a non-innocent additive and the one-electron reduction process as one kind of reagent.

There is growing evidence that consumers respond more effectively to upfront price signals, such as vehicle purchase taxes and feebate policies, and to tax incentives that are more salient than others, such as company car taxes graded by CO2 emissions. This paper examines tax changes in The Netherlands, which are among the most stringent and most salient in Europe, and assesses the ex-post purc...

We use observed CO2:CO correlations in Asian outflow from the TRACE-P aircraft campaign (February-April, 2001), together with a 3-D global chemical transport model (GEOS-CHEM), to constrain specific components of the East Asian CO2 budget including, in particular, Chinese emissions. The CO2/CO emission ratio varies with the source of CO2 (different combustion types vs. the terrestrial biosphere...

A suite of simulations with the HadCM3LC coupled climate-carbon cycle model is used to examine the various forcings and feedbacks involved in the simulated precipitation decrease and forest dieback. Rising atmospheric CO2 is found to contribute 20% to the precipitation reduction through the physiological forcing of stomatal closure, with 80% of the reduction being seen when stomatal closure was...

We report on the development of a novel electrochemical reactor working in gas phase for recycling CO2 back to liquid fuels. Operating in gas phase (without any solvent) has many benefits with respect to the conventional aqueous slurry reactors: no problems of CO2 solubility, easy and less costly recovery of the products, etc. The reaction mechanism of CO2 reduction is also quite different in g...