While a number of studies underline the importance of anaplerotic pathways for hepatic biosynthetic functions and cardiac contractile activity, much remains to be learned about the sites and regulation of anaplerosis in these tissues. As part of a study on the regulation of anaplerosis from propionyl-CoA precursors in rat livers and hearts, we investigated the degree of reversibility of the rea...

Fatty acyl-CoAs are good detergents (dritical micelle concentrations = 3-4 muM) and can inhibit a number of enzymes, including some involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. The regulatory significance of fatty acyl-CoAs as negative effectors has been questioned largely because of the difficulties in distinguishing possible nonspecific detergent effects from more specific regulatory interactions wit...

Coenzyme A (CoA) and its thioester derivative acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) participate in over 100 different reactions in intermediary metabolism of microorganisms. Earlier results indicated that overexpression of upstream rate-limiting enzyme pantothenate kinase with simultaneous supplementation of precursor pantothenic acid to the culture media increased intracellular CoA levels significant...

Palmitoyl coenzyme A instantly and reversibly inhibited the electron transport-linked phosphorylation of ADP coupled to the oxidation of various substrates by rat heart mitochondria. The inhibitory effectiveness of pahnitoyl-CoA was dependent on mitochondrial as well as ADP concentration. Removal of palmitoyl-CoA, such as by its oxidation following (-)-carnitine addition, led to a restoration o...

Engineering metabolic biosynthetic pathways has enabled the microbial production of many useful chemicals. However, pathway productivities and yields are often limited by metabolic imbalances. Synthetic regulatory circuits have been shown to be able to balance engineered pathways, improving titers and productivities. Here we developed a negative feedback regulatory circuit based on a malonyl-Co...

Coenzyme A (CoA) and acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) play essential roles in cell energy metabolism. Dysregulation of the biosynthesis and functioning of both compounds may contribute to various pathological conditions. We describe here a simple and sensitive HPLC-UV based method for simultaneous determination of CoA and acetyl-CoA in a variety of biological samples, including cells in culture, ...

Acrylic acid is a value-added chemical used in industry to produce diapers, coatings, paints, and adhesives, among many others. Due its economic importance, there currently need for new sustainable ways synthesise it. Recently, the focus has been laid use of Escherichia coli express full bio-based pathway using 3-hydroxypropionate as an intermediary through three distinct pathways (glycerol, ma...

Background and Aims: Hepatotoxicity induced by Co-amoxiclav has been indicated in multiple studies. Thymol is the main constituent of the Thymus vulgaris essential oil that has antioxidant properties. Even though thymol can exhibit antioxidant activity in vivo models, there is a lack of evidence about the thymol’s effectiveness in drug-induced liver injury. Thus, the present study was conducted...

A direct-reading spectrophotometric assay for acyl-CoA oxidase activity is described. The assay is based on the strong absorption at 300 nm of deca-2-trans,4-cis-dienoyl-CoA, the product of oxidation of dec-4-cis-enoyl-CoA. By use of this assay, acetyl-CoA, CoA and FMN were found to be inhibitors of acyl-CoA oxidase, but with distinctly different kinetic characteristics.

Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, a multifunctional enzyme responsible for dehydrogenation and decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA, has been purified 1,680-fold from porcine liver mitochondria. The purified porcine enzyme has a subunit molecular weight of 47,800 and a native molecular weight of 190,500. Porcine glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase catalyzed the conversion of [1,5-14C]glutaryl-CoA t...