We examined the influence of chronic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) treatment on the number of Ki-67-positive cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in rats. ACTH treatment for 14 days decreased the number of such cells. The administration of imipramine or lithium alone for 14 days had no effect in saline-treated rats. The effect of ACTH was blocked by the administration of imipramin...

Use of the conventional cancer chemotherapy (i.e. vincristine) is limited in tumor cells exhibiting pre-existing or acquired resistance. Here, we found that C6 ceramide (C6) dramatically sensitized vincristine’s activity. In vitro, C6 and vincristine coadministration induced substantial necrosis and apoptosis in multiple human cancer cell lines, which were accompanied by a profound AMP-activate...

1. The influence of spiramycin coadministration on cyclosporin pharmacokinetics was studied in five renal transplant patients. The plasma concentrations of cyclosporin were measured both by non-specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.). 2. The kinetics of cyclosporin were followed before treatment, and after 1 day and then 2 weeks of oral treatment wi...

Clinical evidence demonstrates coadministration of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) agents and methotrexate (MTX) is more efficacious than administration of TNFi agents alone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, leading to the perception that coadministration of MTX with all biologic agents or oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is necessary for maximum efficacy. Real-life regis...

Therapeutic options for patients with advanced colorectal cancer who have failed treatment with fluorouracil (5-FU) are limited. Responses have been reported in this setting with a protracted venous infusion of 5-FU. Daily oral therapy with tegafur and uracil (UFT) plus leucovorin (LV) has the potential to mimic the pharmacology of continuous infusion 5-FU. Therefore, we undertook a phase II st...

This study investigated the induction of oxidative stress in the testes of adult rats exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF). CPF was administered orally, in a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight to male rats for 90 days, twice weekly. Coadministration of water-soluble nonenzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) was performed in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, orally, for the same period. Another two groups of...

Effect of methanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis (100-300 mg/kg) was studied on reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia and neurochemical alterations. The rats were treated with intraperitoneal reserpine (1 mg/kg, ip) for 3 days every other day. On day 5, vacuous chewing movements and tongue protrusions were counted for 5 min. Reserpine treated rats significantly developed vacuous chewing ...

Evaluation of a potential risk of metabolic drug-drug interactions (DDI) is of high importance in the clinical setting. In this study, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed for oxycodone and its two primary metabolites, oxymorphone and noroxycodone, in order to assess different DDI scenarios using published in vitro and in vivo data. Once developed and refined, the ...

Benzene affects hematopoietic progenitor cells leading to bone marrow depression and genotoxic effects such as micronucleus formation. Progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation are inhibited by prostaglandins produced by macrophages. Administration of benzene to DBA/2 or C57BL/6 mice caused a dose-dependent bone marrow depression and a significant increase in marrow prostaglandin E leve...

Abstract Emerging data from open-label randomized trials without placebo controls suggest potential mortality benefits for combining corticosteroids with the interleukin 6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab in severe coronavirus disease 2019. Conversely, dual immunomodulation may weaken antiviral responses and delay viral clearance, allowing acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to expand its ...