The mastery of two languages provides bilingual speakers with cognitive benefits over monolinguals, particularly on cognitive flexibility and selective attention. However, extant research is limited to comparisons between monolinguals and bilinguals at a single point in time. This study investigated whether growth in bilingual proficiency, as shown by an increased number of translation equivale...

The abilities to either flexibly adjust behavior according to changing demands (cognitive flexibility) or to maintain it in the face of potential distractors (cognitive stability) are critical for adaptive behavior in many situations. Recently, a novel human paradigm has found individual differences of cognitive flexibility and stability to be related to common prefrontal networks. The aims of ...

Considering the competition in today’s business environment, tactical planning of a supply chain becomes more complex than before. In many multi-product inventory systems, substitution flexibility can improve profits. This paper aims to prepare a comprehensive substitution inventory model, where an inventory system with two substitute products with ignorable lead time has been considered, and e...

The Internet Web Site on Virtual Clinical Applications and Disease Management is a hypermedia, case-based open learning environment that was designed to promote cognitive flexibility in college students at The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy. With a key objective of pharmacy education being patient problem-solving skills, this environment exposes students to a variety of resources on ...

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and depression with the mediating role of executive functions (EFs) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The statistical population of this descriptive correlational study included all patients with RRMS who were referred to Tehran neurologists in the summer of 2021 and among them,...

Background: Adolescence is a developmental period when adverse childhood experiences have a significant impact due to the changes in brain structure and functioning during this period. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between maltreatment and emotion regulation with moderating role of cognitive flexibility in adolescence with childhood trauma. Methods: This study was a desc...

Ecological validity should be the cornerstone of any assessment of cognitive functioning. For this purpose, we have developed a preliminary study to test the Art Gallery Test (AGT) as an alternative to traditional neuropsychological testing. The AGT involves three visual search subtests displayed in a virtual reality (VR) art gallery, designed to assess visual attention within an ecologically v...

OBJECTIVE To perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Portuguese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for students (MBI-SS), and investigate its reliability, validity and cross-cultural invariance. METHODS The face validity involved the participation of a multidisciplinary team. Content validity was performed. The Portuguese version was completed in 2009, on the internet, by 958 Brazili...