background pancreatic cancer (pc) is classified as one of the most deadly cancers. since the role of diet in modifying the effects of known risk factors of pc has been well established, exploring the dietary intakes in relation to the etiology of pc can be useful for elucidating the mechanisms of the disease progression. methods and materials this study was conducted within the golestan prospec...

conclusions the prevalence of predominant breastfeeding during the first month postpartum is high in shahroud. interventions to strengthen adherence to who guidelines for breastfeeding should be considered. breastfeeding education providers at the hospitals should emphasize the effects of formula on breastfeeding continuation at early postpartum. background the introduction of fluids to infants...

anxiety may negatively affect the course of coronary artery disease (cad). the aim of this study was to assess which factors are associated with anxiety in young adults with cad. a cohort of individuals with premature coronary artery disease was formed between 2004-2011, as the tehran heart center's premature coronary atherosclerosis cohort (thc-pac) study. patients (men≤45-year-old, and women≤...

conclusions due to the scarcity of studies related to some dairy subgroups, it is not possible to make a final judgment about their effects on the risk of diabetes; therefore, more studies need to be conducted on this issue. results out of 1391 articles, 13 (covering 421,421 people) were introduced to the current meta-analysis. the findings showed that the consumption of yoghurt and cream has p...

Physiological control systems involve multiple interacting variables operating in feedback loops that enhance an organism's ability to self-regulate and respond to internal and external disturbances. The resulting multivariate time-series often exhibit rich dynamical patterns, which are altered under pathological conditions. However, model identification for physiological systems is complicated...

Distinguishing cohort studies from case series is difficult.We propose a conceptualization of cohort studies in systematic reviews of comparative studies. The main aim of this conceptualization is to clarify the distinction between cohort studies and case series. We discuss the potential impact of the proposed conceptualization on the body of evidence and workload.All studies with exposure-base...

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect people's health and wellbeing not only at the time the ACE is experienced, but also later in life. The majority of studies on ACEs are carried out in high-income countries and little is known about its prevalence in low and middle-income countries. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ACEs, associations between ACEs and soci...

BACKGROUND Youth violence is a major global public health problem. Three UK and Swedish studies suggest that low resting heart rate predicts male youth violence, but this has not been tested in other social settings nor for females. METHODS A prospective, population-based birth cohort study was conducted in Pelotas, Brazil. Heart rate was measured using a wrist monitor at ages 11, 15 and 18 y...