In order to manage medicine distribution in an appropriate manner, there is a necessity of deep understanding of its management. The challenges of the pharmaceutical products supply chain are its specified shelf life and specified storage conditions. Managing quality of medicines during distribution is a critical operation. There are various dosage forms of medicines eg tablets, syrups, injecta...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the proportion of time the vaccines in the cold-chain system in India are exposed to temperatures of < 0 or > 8 °C. METHODS In each of 10 states, the largest district and the one most distant from the state capital were selected for study. Four boxes, each containing an electronic temperature recorder and two vials of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccine, were place...

Understanding global change impacts on the globally important carbon storage in alpine, Arctic and sub-Arctic soils requires knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the balance between plant primary productivity and decomposition. Given that nitrogen availability limits both processes, understanding the response of the soil nitrogen cycle to shifts in temperature and other global change factors ...

THIS mould is of frequent occurrence on stored carcases and in cold stores. The lean portions of carcases which have been kept for eight or ten weeks below zero centigrade but above — io° C. are frequently covered with mould growth. No such growth has been so far observed on carcases stored at — 20° C. Brooks and Hansford, in reviewing mould growth on cold-store meat, found that some strains of...

Recent interest in cube satellites over the last few years has created related interest in propulsion for small satellites. Cubesats, more than other satellites, are volume and power constrained, which pose significant challenges for implementation of cubesat propulsion systems. R-134a propellant systems can provide low cost and efficient propulsion for small impulse maneuvers, orbital maintena...

Recent physiological studies on the cardiovascular performance of tunas suggest that the elevated heart rates of these fish may rely on increased use of intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ stores. In this study, we compare the cellular cardiac performance in endothermic tunas (bluefin, albacore, yellowfin) and their ectothermic sister taxa (mackerel) in response to acute temperature ...

Although the role of Ca(2+) in liver transplantation injury has been the object of several studies, direct evidence for alterations in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis after cold preservation-warm reoxygenation (CP/WR) has never been presented. We thus investigated the effects of CP/WR on steady-state Ca(2+) and responses to a Ca(2+)-mobilizing agonist. Isolated rat hepatocytes were suspended i...

Raw data are often orders of magnitude larger than main memory for many applications. As the performance storage devices is still significantly slower memory, systems rely on caching to improve performance. Data replication schemes prevalent in stores high availability and reliability. In such schemes, while updates propagated all replicas (either synchronously or background), reads usually ser...