We investigate theoretically the phase behavior of particles with limited valence in two dimensions, by solving the first-order Wertheim theory form. As previously found for three dimensions, in two dimensions also the valence has a strong impact on the phase diagram, controlling the location of the gas-liquid coexistence. On decreasing the valence, the critical density and temperature decrease...

We present a double-charge model for the interaction between parallel polarizable hard spherocylinders subject to an external electric field. Using Monte Carlo simulations and free-energy calculations, we predict the phase behaviour for this model as a function of the density and electric field strength, at a fixed length-to-diameter ratio L/D = 5. The resulting phase diagram contains, in addit...

A Wilson loop is defined, in 4-D pure Einstein gravity, as the trace of the holonomy of the Christoffel connection or of the spin connection, and its invariance under the symmetry transformations of the action is showed (diffeomorphisms and local Lorentz transformations). We then compute the loop perturbatively, both on a flat background and in the presence of an external source; we also allow ...

The 3D XY model with random in-plane couplings is simulated to model the phase diagram of a disordered type II superconductor as a function of temperature T and randomness strength p for fixed applied magnetic field. As p increases to a critical p(c), the first order vortex lattice melting line turns parallel to the T axis, continuing down to low temperatures, rather than ending at a critical p...

We investigate subdominant order parameters stabilizing at low temperatures in nanoscale high-T(c) cuprate islands, motivated by the recent observation of a fully gapped state in nanosized YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-δ) [D. Gustafsson et al., Nature Nanotech. 8, 25 (2013)]. Using complementary quasiclassical and tight-binding Bogoliubov-de Gennes methods, we show on distinctly different properties dependent...

The results of an analytic calculation of the surface current and selected mound angle as a function of the Ehrlich-Schwoebel step barrier EB and substrate temperature T are presented for a model of epitaxial growth on bcc~100! and fcc~100! surfaces. Depending on the sign of EB and the magnitude of the prefactor for diffusion over a step, various scenarios are possible, including the existence ...

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A universal mechanism of superconductivity applicable to " low temperature " and " high temperature " superconductors is proposed in this paper. With this model of mechanism experimental facts of superconductors can be qualitatively explained. A function is introduced to describe the average separation distance between vibrating lattice atoms, which is crucial for the transition from normal to ...

We study the effects of spin orbit interactions on the low energy electronic structure of a single plane of graphene. We find that in an experimentally accessible low temperature regime the symmetry allowed spin orbit potential converts graphene from an ideal two-dimensional semimetallic state to a quantum spin Hall insulator. This novel electronic state of matter is gapped in the bulk and supp...

We find the equation of state p, ρ ∝ T 6, which gives the value of the sound velocity c2 = 0.20, in agreement with the “realistic” equation of state for hot hadronic matter suggested by Shuryak, in the framework of a covariant relativistic statistical mechanics of an event–anti-event system with small chemical and mass potentials. The relativistic mass distribution for such a system is obtained...