Resum Argumentative debates are a powerful tool for resolving conflicts and reaching agreements in open environments such as on-line communities. Here we introduce an argumentation framework to structure argumentative debates. Our framework represents the arguments issued by the participants involved in a debate, the (attack and defence) relationships between them, as well as participants? opin...

Introduction More than 50,000 people in Germany use a cochlear implant (CI). Potentially, revision surgery may become necessary any patient due to technical defect, medical or other reasons. The aim of the present study is analyze reasons leading CI reimplantation and calculate cumulative survival rate.

BACKGROUND This paper examines the association between degree of confidence in collective efficacy and self-efficacy for condom use and empowerment among heterogeneous female sex workers (FSWs) in two metropolitan Indian cities with high HIV prevalence. METHODS The study utilises data from the Behavioural Tracking Survey, a cross-sectional behavioural study with 2106 FSWs recruited from 411 i...

Our society is increasingly relying on digitalized, aggregated opinions of individuals to make decisions (e.g., product recommendation based on collective ratings). One key requirement of harnessing this "wisdom of crowd" is the independency of individuals' opinions; yet, in real settings, collective opinions are rarely simple aggregations of independent minds. Recent experimental studies docum...

This quantitative study aims to explore the validity of Donohoo et al.’s (2020) Enabling Conditions for Collective Teacher Efficacy Scale (EC-CTES) fostering collective efficacy in schools and evaluate its relationship measures teacher efficacy. The instruments used this include EC-CTES, (CES-SF), Beliefs (CTBS). data were evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis, correlation matrices, mu...

Introduction: The use of the latter is available, usually on a paid basis. In practice, five wing indices are most often used to discriminate wings: Ci, Disc.sh., Dbi, Ri, Pci. Due peculiarity structure wings, Ri and especially Disc.sh. determined with significant errors (Std.Err.), which reduces reliability classification as whole. goal work: authors set out find small number identification th...

It is well established today that emotions are an important part of most societal dynamics. The current article focuses on the role of different collective emotional elements in creating, preserving, and resolving conflicts. The main premise is that collective emotions play a pivotal role in shaping individual and societal responses to conflicting events and in contributing to the evolvement of...

This essay presents a framework for decision making by labor union leaders facing critical choices regarding the survival of their organizations. I argue that labor union leaders must place decisions regarding all aspects of their union life—from big picture concerns regarding political action, organizing opportunities, and collective bargaining to day-to-day issues regarding hiring of staff, r...

We extend real options research by introducing the concept of collective real options and model how collective real options provide strategic alliances a mechanism to manage social uncertainty. Collective real options manage social uncertainty by producing relational small wins that develop trust. The amount of trust developed by acquiring a collective real option depends on the exposure of all...