In [15], the second author defined algebraic geometric codes over rings. This definition was motivated by two recent trends in coding theory: the study of algebraic geometric codes over finite fields, and the study of codes over rings. In that paper, many of the basic parameters of these new codes were computed. However, the Lee weight, which is very important for codes over the ring Z/4Z, was ...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) deals with evaluating a set of decision-making units (DMUs) based on nonparametric mathematical approaches. In classical DEA models, the given set of factors of DMUs is divided into two categories, inputs and outputs, while in some practical problems there are some measures whose membership to these categories is unclear. It means these factors treat different in...

In this paper, we consider the problem of incorporating additional preference information into Value Efficiency Analysis by using the “price” information of inputs and outputs. This is done to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the Value Efficiency Scores. Value Efficiency developed by Halme et al. [1999] is an efficiency concept, which takes into account the decision maker’s preferences...

BACKGROUND Digital self-monitoring, particularly of weight, is increasingly prevalent. The associated data could be reused for clinical and research purposes. OBJECTIVE The aim was to compare participants who use connected smart scale technologies with the general population and explore how use of smart scale technology affects, or is affected by, weight change. METHODS This was a retrospec...

Data envelopment analysis which is a nonparametric technique for evaluating relative efficiency of the decision making units with multiple inputs and outputs, has been a very popular method among researchers. While this nonparametric technique is popular, it has some drawbacks such as lack of discrimination in efficient units and weights dispersion .The present study, which is a model based on ...

block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock slopes. in such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn under their own weights and then all of them topple together. in this paper, first, a brief review of previous studies on toppling failures is presented. then, the physical and mechanical properties of experimental mode...