Design and construction of a stable current supply with protection circuits are described. The reported circuit provides a high-stable and high-level current variable from 0.5-1.2 A with the protect ion circuits to prevent over load current, voltage and off-range temperature operation. A detailed analysis of the circuit parameters is given and the time behaviors of the load voltage/current and ...

In this article, an innovative supervision system will be proposed that can observe and analyze health of Circuit Breaker’s trip coil. The proposed design also logs changes in the coil's quality and informs network supervisor in case of Circuit Breaker (CB) failure. This system injects small direct currents to the Circuit Breaker connections and the trip coil to compute CB’s health and characte...

cuins2 nanostructures were  synthesized  via  a  simple  surfactant-free solvothermal  route.  in  this  synthesis,  thiosemicarbazide  and thioglycolic acid were used as sulfur sources. the effects of different parameters such as type of precursor and time on the morphology and particle  size  of  the  samples  have  been  investigated.  the nanostructures  were  characterized  by  means  of  ...

in this paper, intelligent water drop algorithm (iwd) is used to analyze single overhead line connected to grid-grounded arrester. in this approach, at first norton’s equivalent circuit of the overhead line over lossy soil is computed by method of moments (mom) and then for the problem under consideration, a nonlinear equivalent circuit in the frequency domain is proposed. finally applying inte...

This work introduces a new and simple method for adjusting the gain of current mirror. The major advantage of the proposed architecture is that, unlike the conventional variable gain current mirror, it does not need the change of the biasing current to adjust current gain. Therefore, the power dissipation remains constant in all of the gain settings. In addition, the proposed variable gain curr...

With attention to the thin film structure of colloidal quantum dot solar cells, in this paper in order to improvement of active layer absorption of them, we have proposed the use of nanostructure pattern for enhancement of their performance. For this purpose we have presented suitable nano hemisphare patterns in colloidal quantum dot solar cells for light trapping in absorption layer. Then with...

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is an emerging and promising technology that provides significant improvements over CMOS. Recently QCA has been advocated as an applicant for implementing reversible circuits. However QCA, like other Nanotechnologies, suffers from a high fault rate. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a fault tolerant model of QCA circuits by redundancy in hardware a...

in this article, we have used 36 electricity distribution companies of iran and by using input-oriented dea, we analysis the companies technical efficiency with respect to group frontier and metafrontier following restructuring, then we investigate the factors affecting efficiency. the companies decomposed to two groups in terms of high and low circuit density. for discussing the impact of stru...

due to the expected increase of defects in circuits based on deep submicron technologies, reliability has become an important design criterion. although different approaches have been developed to estimate reliability in digital circuits and some measuring concepts have been separately presented to reveal the quality of analog circuit reliability in the literature, there is a gap to estimate re...

two organic compounds (sc-23=(e)-2-cyano-3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl) acrylic acid and sc-25=(e)-2-cyano-3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) acrylic acid) involving methoxy groups as the electron donor and cyanoacrylic acid group as the electron acceptor have been investigated for dye sensitized solar cells. they shows a short-circuit current density (jsc) of 2.08 and 1.81 ma cm-2, an open circuit voltage (voc)...