we consider the class $mathfrak m$ of $bf r$--modules where $bf r$ is an associative ring. let $a$ be a module over a group ring $bf r$$g$, $g$ be a group and let $mathfrak l(g)$ be the set of all proper subgroups of $g$. we suppose that if $h in mathfrak l(g)$ then $a/c_{a}(h)$ belongs to $mathfrak m$. we investigate an $bf r$$g$--module $a$ such that $g not = g'$, $c_{g}(a) = 1$. we stud...

Given a symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrix A, for any index k, one can define an automorphism associated with A, of the field Q(u1, · · · , un) of rational functions of n independent indeterminates u1, · · · , un. It is an isomorphism between two cluster algebras associated to the matrix A (see section 4 for precise meaning). When A is of finite type, these isomorphisms behave nicely, they...

The design of a peptide that contains two distinct elements of secondary structure, helix and beta-hairpin, is described. Two designed 17-residue peptides: Boc-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Gly-Gly-Leu-Phe-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Phe-Val-OMe (I) and Boc-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Gly-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-OMe (II) have been conformationally characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Peptides I...

The Digital Compendium is a new concept in education, and is described here for the science of photobiology, a Digital Photobiology Compendium (DPC). Medical school is the start of a lifelong learning endeavor. Increasingly computerand web-based resources will facilitate this process. Yet there are currently few resources that span the range of knowledge from student through practicing professi...

Given a symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrix A, for any index k, one can define an automorphism associated with A, of the field Q(u1, · · · , un) of rational functions of n independent indeterminates u1, · · · , un. It is an isomorphism between two cluster algebras associated to the matrix A (see section 4 for precise meaning). When A is of finite type, these isomorphisms behave nicely, they...

In this paper‎, ‎we introduce the notion of $(m,n)$-‎algebr‎aically compact modules as an analogue of algebraically‎ ‎compact modules and then we show that $(m,n)$-algebraically‎ ‎compactness‎ ‎and $(m,n)$-pure injectivity for modules coincide‎. ‎Moreover‎, ‎further characterizations of a‎ ‎$(m,n)$-pure injective module over a commutative ring are given‎.

This study presents ultra-low-loss and broadband all-silicon dielectric waveguides for the WR-1 band (0.75–1.1 THz). The are built in high-resistivity silicon (10 k?-cm) integrated with supportive frames fabricated from same wafer a single etch process to achieve compact design. We pursued low-loss, broadband, substrateless, unclad effective medium waveguides. Smaller propagation losses of 0.3 ...

The dynamic pattern of functional connectivity during a working memory task was investigated by means of the short-time directed transfer function. A clear-cut picture of transmissions was observed with the main centres of propagation located in the frontal and parietal regions, in agreement with imaging studies and neurophysiological hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of working memory. The ...

In this paper, we view declarative problem solving from the perspective of answer set programming (ASP). The idea is to solve any given problem by formalizing it as a logic program whose answer sets capture the solutions of the problem. In practice such sets are computed using a special-purpose search engine, viz. an answer set solver, and a ground program obtained by instantiating term variabl...

TinyGALS is a globally asynchronous, locally synchronous model for programming event-driven embedded systems. At the local level, software components communicate with each other synchronously via method calls. Components are composed to form modules. At the global level, modules communicate with each other asynchronously via message passing, which separates the flow of control between modules. ...