There is mounting evidence that forward heart failure as manifested by low cardiac output alone does not define the degree of renal dysfunction in cardiorenal syndrome. As a result, the term "congestive renal failure" was coined in 2012 by Ross to depict the role of renal venous hypertension in type 1 acute cardiorenal syndrome. If so, aggressive decongestive therapies, either through mechanica...

BACKGROUND Accurate assessment of volume status is essential in diagnosis and guidance of decongestive therapy in patients with acute heart failure. We sought to compare peripheral venous pressure (PVP) with central venous pressure (CVP), as well as other invasive hemodynamic measurements, in patients hospitalized with an acute heart failure syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS PVP-HF (Peripheral Ve...

torture entails the deliberate infliction of severe physical and mental pain and suffering through cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment and punishment to silence individuals and oppositions to the ruling authorities. such victims experience mental death, difficulties in coping, memory and concentration impairment, loss of core beliefs, feelings of shame and guilt, mental defeat, and alienatio...

conclusions categorization of trials based on their classification scheme to investigate the efficacy of classification-based physical therapy could reduce the heterogeneity of trials and allow researchers to understand the contradictory results in this context. results a total of 12 rcts were identified and categorized into four classification schemes. some evidence supporting classification-s...

conclusions ct is common in middle-aged working females. it affects supraspinatus tendon. it is associated with smoking. occupational risk factors are awkward positions and lifting weights. iontophoresis with 5% acetic acid and ultrasound is a safe, simple and inexpensive technique, capable to reduce pain and calcification, with a recommended degree of scientific evidence (2b). objectives to cl...