Abstract Enzyme-catalyzed iterative ? -1,4-glycosylation of -glycosides is promising for bottom-up polymerization reducing-end-modified cello-oligosaccharide chains. Self-assembly the chains from solution yields crystalline nanocellulose materials with properties that are tunable by glycoside group used. Cellulose a reducing-end thiol interest to install controllable pattern site-selective modi...

Many data layout optimizations cluster data accesses and memory into high-locality groups in order to optimize for the memory hierarchy. In this paper, we demonstrate that similar clustering program transformations enable efficient vectorization. We call this approach clustered data parallelism (CDP). CDP enables fast and power-efficient parallelism by partitioning a data structure into cluster...

Long-Evans rats downshifted from 32% to 4% sucrose solution exhibit lower consummatory behavior during downshift trials than rats exposed only to 4% sucrose. In Experiment 1, this effect, called consummatory successive negative contrast (cSNC), was attenuated by administration of the benzodiazepine anxiolytic chlordiazepoxide (CDP, 5mg/kg, ip) before the second downshift trial (Trial 12), but w...

Energy extraction based on capacitive Donnan potential (CDP) is a recently suggested technique for sustainable power generation. CDP combines the use of ion-exchange membranes and porous carbon electrodes to convert the Gibbs free energy of mixing sea and river water into electric work. The electrodes geometry has a relevant impact on internal resistance and overall performance in CDP. In this ...

electrochemical energy stored as a proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane (IM). To generate the proton gradient, the respiratory-chain complexes in the IM pump up protons from the matrix to the inter-membrane space by coupling it to the electron transport through the respiratory chain. The efficient electron flow relies on the respiratory-chain super-complex formation, which is...

We previously showed that dietary cytidine (5')-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) supplementation could protect against the development of memory deficits in aging rats. In the present study, younger rats exposed to impoverished environmental conditions and manifesting hippocampal-dependent memory impairments similar to those observed in the aging rodents were given CDP-choline, and its effects on...

UVC irradiation induces oxidative stress and leads to cell death through an apoptotic pathway. This apoptosis is caused by activation of caspase-3 and formation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). In this study, the underlying mechanisms of Chlorella derived peptide (CDP) activity against UVC-induced cytotoxicity were investigated. Human skin fibroblasts were treated with CDP, vitamin C,...

This paper proposes a new matching algorithm to retrieve speech information from a speech database by speech query that allows continuous input. The algorithm is called Shift Continuous DP (CDP). Shift CDP extracts similar sections between two speech data sets. Two speech data sets are considered as reference patterns that are regarded as a speech database and input speech respectively. Shift C...

CDP-diglyceride:inositol transferase in endoplasmic reticulum fractions from castor bean (Ricinus communis) endosperm was partially characterized. The enzyme had a pH optimum of 8.5 and required Mn(2+) for activity. Maximal activity was at 1.5 millimolar MnCl(2). A K(m) of 0.30 mM was calculated for myo-inositol and 1.35 millimolar was estimated for CDP-dipalmitoylglyceride. Concentrations of C...

Tyvelose epimerase catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of tyvelose by converting CDP-d-paratose to CDP-d-tyvelose. This unusual 3,6-dideoxyhexose occurs in the O-antigens of some types of Gram-negative bacteria. Here we describe the cloning, protein purification, and high-resolution x-ray crystallographic analysis of tyvelose epimerase from Salmonella typhi complexed with CDP. The enzym...