The paper illustrates the application of a combined adaptive particle swarm optimization (A-PSO) algorithm and the finite strip method (FSM) to the lay-up optimization of symmetrically fiber-metal laminated (FML) composite shallow shell panels for maximizing the fundamental frequency. To improve the speed of the optimization process, adaptive inertia weight was used in the particle swarm optimiz...

In order to meet the ever-increasing demand for high-strength, lightweight aerospace structures, a new material is created via combination of three prior innovations: sandwich configurations, composites, and the addition of carbon nanotubes. A theoretical sandwich panel is created using facesheets of a novel woven microfibre composite reinforced by carbon nanotube forests, as created by Vinod P...