Near-surface mounted (NSM) bars have been used for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete members. The data available on this type of reinforcement technique are limited and typically, the bars or strips are embedded using an epoxy. Long term durability, abrasion resistance, and compatibility of the repair are important issues with this type of repair. One untested option for embedding t...

Abstract Many bridges in Slovakia are reaching their designed life span these days. Due to frequent errors during the construction of those as well bad maintenance, steel‐concrete now a critical state and urgent repairs structures needed. In this article progressive methods retrofitting existing concrete shown. presented method, original pillars bridge deck will remain place, on new composite, ...

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Fragility curves for retrofitted bridges indicate the influence of various retrofit measures on the probability of achieving specified levels of damage. This paper presents an analytical methodology for developing fragility curves for classes of retrofitted bridge systems. The approach captures the impact of retrofit on the vulnerability of multiple components, which to date has not been adequa...

Steel bridge erection requires a series of processes in the construction site including shipping, sequentially lifting, and installing bridge components that are fabricated in the factory. Each process is critical and the risks are high due to the fact that conditions in the field are far more complex than in the factory. A detailed lifting plan is important to ensure the successful completion ...