Functional conductive hydrogels are widely used in various application scenarios, such as artificial skin, cell scaffolds, and implantable bioelectronics. However, their novel designs technological innovations severely hampered by traditional manufacturing approaches. Direct ink writing (DIW) is considered a viable industrial-production 3D-printing technology for the custom production of accord...

Carbon black is a common polymer additive that is used for reinforcement and for its ability to enhance physical properties, such as conductivity. This article pertains to an X-ray scattering (SAXS) study of a conductive grade of carbon black and carbon black–polymer composites. The scattering pattern for such blacks displays a surface-fractal-like power-law decay over many decades in scatterin...

Polypyrrole is one of the most useful conductive polymers, but green synthesis of this polymer has been restricted until now. The objective of the present paper is green synthesis of nano polypyrrole (PPy) by oxidative polymerization using urea-hydrogen peroxide. It was found that conductivity and morphology of polypyrrole are highly dependent on the reaction conditions such as the molar ratio ...

Electrode surfaces have been widely modified with electrically conductive polymers, including polypyrrole (PPY), to improve the performance of electrodes. To utilize conductive polymers for electrode modification, strong adhesion between the polymer films and electrode substrates should be ensured with high electrical/electrochemical activities. In this study, PPY films were electrochemically p...

Environmental concerns about carbon emissions are motivating development of Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM-FC) technology for automotive propulsion. Catalyst Coated Membranes (CCM), which are the electrochemical „heart‟ of PEM-FC, consist of a proton-conductive polymer membrane embedded between two porous, electron conductive electrodes. The catalyst in the cathode consists of Pt nanop...

Stretchable, bendable, and foldable conductive coatings are crucial for wearable electronics and biometric sensors. These coatings should maintain functionality while simultaneously interfacing with different types of surfaces undergoing mechanical deformation. MXene sheets as conductive two-dimensional nanomaterials are promising for this purpose, but it is still extremely difficult to form su...