BACKGROUND Genetically engineered mouse models of human cardiovascular disease provide an opportunity to understand critical pathophysiological mechanisms. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) provides precise reproducible assessment of cardiac structure and function, but, in contrast to echocardiography, requires that the animal be immobilized during image acquisition. General anesthetic re...

Delivery of safe but effective sedation can be a challenge for the endoscopist. Complications include respiratory depression, aspiration and cardiac arrhythmias, and the cardiopulmonary mortality of endoscopy may exceed that of general anesthesia. To administer sedation properly, it is necessary for endoscopists to understand the definitions and hazards of conscious versus deep sedation, the ro...

Introduction: Gastroscopy is an excellent technique for investigation of upper gastrointestinal pathology. However, patients frequently request for conscious sedation as the procedure causes pain, pharyngeal reflex and nausea. Administration of conscious sedation incurs additional medical expenditure and risks. Transnasal gastroscopy, which became commercially available in 2005, does not induce...

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is considered a relatively safe procedure. However, the procedure and the materials used in EGD with conscious sedation can cause stress to the patient. Adverse events during EGD have been reported, represented by cardiopulmonary complications. To date, five cases have reported worldwide to be associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy. Stress cardiomyopathy (SC...

Awake craniotomy is a brain surgery in patients who are kept awake when it is indicated for certain intracranial pathologies. The anaesthetic management strategy is very important to achieve the goals of the surgery. We describe a series of our first four cases performed under a combination of scalp block and conscious sedation. Scalp block was performed using a mixture of ropivacaine 0.7% and ...

AMA Lechowicz-Głogowska BE, Uryga A, Weiser et al. Reply to the commentary. Risks and tasks of awake craniotomy under conscious sedation. Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 2023;55(2):133-135. doi:10.5114/ait.2023.129311. APA Lechowicz-Głogowska, B. E., Uryga, A., Weiser, Salomon-Tuchowska, B., Fortuna, W., & Burzyńska, M. (2023). Therapy, 55(2), 133-135. https://doi.org/10.5114/ait.2023.129311...

BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal manipulation is problematic when patients have a gag reflex. Sedation can suppress gag reflex, but can cause serious airway problems. We compared remifentanil (Group R) and propofol (Group P) in terms of cooperation and loss of gag reflex, while drugs were administered incrementally using target controlled infusion (TCI). METHODS Fifty seven patients who required awak...

Conscious sedation is the most common method of pain relief used during ultrasound-directed transvaginal follicle aspiration (UDFA) for in-vitro fertilisation/embryo transfer (IVF/ETI). It is associated with minimal risks and facilitates early discharge following UDFA. The aim of this study was to assess clients' pain experience, acceptance of conscious sedation and correlates of pain during oo...