This paper answers Bell’s question: What does quantum information refer to? It is about quantum properties represented by subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space, or their projectors, to which standard (Kolmogorov) probabilities can be assigned by using a projective decomposition of the identity (PDI or framework) as a quantum sample space. The single framework rule of consistent histories preve...

This paper is an answer to the preceding paper by Kastner, in which she continued the criticism of the counterfactual usage of the Aharonov ± Bergman ± Lebowitz rule in the framework of the time-symmetrized quantum theory, in particular, by analyzing the three-box `̀ paradox .’ ’ It is argued that the criticism is not sound . Paradoxical features of the three-box example are discussed. It is exp...

The argument of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR), advanced by these authors in support of the thesis that quantummechanics cannot provide a complete description of a physical system, has been receiving close attention in foundational studies and debates on quantum mechanics ever since the famous paper of EPR appeared in 1935 [1]. Not lacking in subtlety, the EPR argument was bound to be misre...

In this paper I assess the prospects for combining contemporary Everettian quantum mechanics (EQM) with branching-time semantics in the tradition of Kripke, Prior, Thomason and Belnap. I begin by outlining the salient features of ‘decoherence-based’ EQM, and of the ’consistent histories’ formalism that is particularly apt for conceptual discussions in EQM. This formalism permits of both ‘branch...

Classical mechanics and standard Copenhagen quantum mechanics respect subspace implications. For example, if a particle is confined in a particular region R of space, then in these theories we can deduce that it is confined in regions containing R. However, subspace implications are generally violated by versions of quantum theory that assign probabilities to histories, such as the consistent h...

A recent claim by Bassi and Ghirardi that the consistent (decoherent) histories approach cannot provide a realistic interpretation of quantum theory is shown to be based upon a misunderstanding of the single-framework rule: they have replaced the correct rule with a principle which directly contradicts it. It is their assumptions, not those of the consistent histories approach, which lead to a ...

The consistent histories approach to quantum mechanics is traditionally based on linearly ordered sequences of events. We extend the histories formalism to sets of events whose causal ordering is described by directed acyclic graphs. The need for a global time is eliminated and our construction reflects the causal structure faithfully.

In this paper we suggest a numerical implementation based on plain Monte Carlo simulation of the conditional expectations in the following Markovian setting: Suppose (X(i),Fi), 0 ≤ i ≤ k, is a possibly high-dimensional Markov process and the cashflow is of the form Z(i) = f(i,X(i)). Assume a consistent stopping family τ(i) depends on ω only through the path of X and that for each i the event {τ...

lithium disilicate nano-powders were synthesized via a mild condition hydrothermal reaction at 180 ºc for 48 and 72 h with a non stoichiometric1:2 li:si molar ratio in naoh aqueous solution using li2co3 and sio2.h2o as raw materials. the synthesized materials were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (pxrd) technique and fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy. the xrd data showed t...