Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced in corn, rice, and flour. It is a major concern for animal and human health. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of OTA contamination in bread samples gathered from bakeries, in different temperatures and durations of heating. In this study, 32 samples (4 samples of flour and 28 samples of bread) were randomly collected from different bakeries...

Hypothesis: The effects of temperature variation on life-history traits depend on both mean developmental temperature and geographic population of origin. Organism: Pitcher plant mosquitoes, Wyeomyia smithii. Field sites: We established laboratory colonies from three geographic populations spanning a latitudinal and altitudinal gradient in eastern North America. Sites at lower latitudes or alti...

Development of ectotherms is highly temperature dependent. Studies using variable thermal environments can improve ecological relevance of data because organisms naturally face day-to-day stochastic temperature fluctuations as well as seasonal changes in the amplitude of such daily fluctuations. The objective of this study was to investigate if, and to what extent, the use of constant temperatu...

A pure Silicate host namely Sr2MgSi2O7 as a support for a long-lasting afterglow when dopped with rare-earth elements was sought after. To this end the process of obtaining firing temperatures of the above mentioned phase in normal condition was carried out using suggested wet and dry methods. The degree of purity obtained in these preparatory methods as wel...

In internal combustion engines, exhaust valve and its seat gain considerable temperature as the hot gases exit through them. So, the rate of heat transfer should be under control. In this study, the contact heat transfer coefficient has been estimated. An experimental study on an Air-Cooled internal combustion engine cylinder head has been considered. Using the measured temperatures of sensors ...

The charge-transfer complexation reaction between iodine and dibenzo- 18-crown- 6 (DB18C6) has been studied spectrophotometrically in chloroform solution at different temperatures. The resulting donor-acceptor complex was formulated as (DB 18C6…I )I . The spectrophotometric results , as well as the conductivity measurements, indicated that the gradual release of tiiodide ion from its contac...

The ternary system H2O-NaCl-CO2 is one of the most important fluid systems in geochemistry and petrology. However, there is little information on the phase equilibrium and PVT properties in this system at salinities above 6 wt.% NaCl. In this study, PVTX data were obtained experimentally by using the synthetic fluid inclusion technique in conjunction with conventional microthermometry and a hyd...

Experiments were conducted to compare the immature development of Protophormia terraenovae (Robineau-Desvoidy) at fluctuating temperatures of 4-28 and 9-23 °C to their mean constant temperature, 16 °C. Overall development was fastest at the greater fluctuation and slowest at the constant temperature but showed similar percentages of development time in each stage. The rate summation effect is s...

The standard tunneling model describes quite satisfactorily the properties of amorphous solids at temperatures T < 1K in terms of an ensemble of two-level systems including the logarithmic temperature dependence of the dielectric constant. Yet, experiments have shown that at ultralow temperatures T< 5 mK such a temperature behavior breaks down and the dielectric constant becomes temperature ind...